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Alien Enemies Act

Trump Administration

Divided D.C. Circuit Panel Nixes Judge Boasberg's Criminal Contempt Order Against Trump Administration

Judge Katsas and Judge Rao disagreed on the reasons, but both agreed that Judge Boasberg overstepped; Judge Pillard dissented.

Jonathan H. Adler |The Volokh Conspiracy | 8.8.2025 1:20 PM

Emergency2 | NA

Emergency Powers

My New Dispatch Article on Judicial Review of Emergency Powers

It makes the case for strong judicial review of executive invocations of sweeping emergency powers.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 7.31.2025 5:08 PM

Kilmar Abrego Garcia, President Donald Trump, and Dahud Hunid Ortiz. | Illustration: Eddie Marshall | Department of Homeland Security | US State Department | Midjourney

Venezuela

Two Cases That Demonstrate the Incoherence of Trump's Immigration Policy

The Trump administration cut a deal with Venezuela to return a triple murderer to American shores while it tries to deport someone accused of much less.

Joe Lancaster | 7.28.2025 2:05 PM

El Salvador Prison 2 | El Salvador Presidential Press Office

Alien Enemies Act

Trump's Alien Enemies Act Deportees Sent Back to Venezuela in Shameful Hostage Deal [Updated]

After being ilegally deported and imprisoned in El Salvador, they will now be sent back to the oppressive regime they fled in the first place, in exchange for ten Americans detained by the Venezuelan government.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 7.18.2025 5:47 PM

Obvious 2 | AI

Federalism

Life as an Academic Defender of the Intuitively Obvious

Academics are supposed to discover nonobvious, counterintituitive truths. But, especially in recent years, much of my work involves defending positions that seem obvious to most laypeople, even though many experts deny them.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 7.14.2025 6:13 PM

El Salvador Prison 2 | El Salvador Presidential Press Office

Alien Enemies Act

Courts Can Check, and Have Checked, Executives' Military Judgment

Katherine Yon Ebright and Leah Tulin of the Brennan Center make the case against judicial deference to Trump's invocation of the Alien Enemies Act of 1798.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 7.9.2025 5:39 PM

Invasion | AI-generated image.

Immigration

Federal Court Rules Against Trump's "Invasion" Executive Order

But, notably, the court chose not to rule on the issue of what qualifies as an "invasion."

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 7.2.2025 5:58 PM

President Donald Trump | Ken Cedeno/Pool via CNP/Mega/RSSIL/Newscom

Trump Administration

Trump Says the Courts Have No Business Questioning His Dubious Definition of 'Alien Enemies'

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit is considering whether the president properly invoked the Alien Enemies Act to deport alleged gang members.

Jacob Sullum | 7.1.2025 5:40 PM

Deported | NA

Due Process

Supreme Court Issues Terrible Shadow Docket Decision Lifting Injunction Against "Third Country" Deportations of Migrants Without Due Process

The ruling includes no analysis. Justice Sotomayor's dissent has a compelling explanation of why it is wrong.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 6.24.2025 6:14 PM

nationalguard | Jeremy Hogan/ZUMAPRESS/Newscom

War

Federal Court Rightly Invalidates Trump's Illegal Federalization of California National Guard Troops

Trump's policy here is yet another example of abusive invocation of emergency powers.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 6.13.2025 12:01 AM

Stephen Miller speaking at a White House press conference | Chris Kleponis - CNP / MEGA / Newscom/RSSIL/Newscom

Immigration

The Trump Administration Is Escalating an Immigration Crisis It Promised To Resolve

The border is no longer the focus. Now, the White House wants you to believe that the crisis extends to nail salons, hardware stores, farms, and restaurants across the country.

Eric Boehm | 6.11.2025 1:40 PM

Donald Trump

My New UnPopulist Article on Synergies Between Litigation and Political Action in Resisting Trump

The article describes how the two can be mutually reinforcing, building on lessons from previous episodes in constitutional history.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 6.9.2025 11:03 PM

Abrego Garcia | NA

Immigration

Kilmar Abrego Garcia Back in the United States

The Trump Administration returned the illegally deported migrant from imprisonment in El Salvador after repeatedly claiming they could not do so.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 6.6.2025 6:00 PM

Prisoners at El Salvador's Center for Terrorism Confinement | Tia Dufour/UPI/Newscom

Alien Enemies Act

A Federal Judge Orders Relief for Alleged Gang Members Deported and Imprisoned Without Due Process

Without such intervention, he warns, the government "could snatch anyone off the street, turn him over to a foreign country, and then effectively foreclose any corrective course of action."

Jacob Sullum | 6.5.2025 2:20 PM

El Salvador Prison 2 | El Salvador Presidential Press Office

Immigration

Our Fifth Circuit Alien Enemies Act Amicus Brief

The brief was filed on behalf of the Brennan Center, the Cato Institute, law-of-war scholar Prof. John Dehn, and myself.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 6.2.2025 7:04 PM

A man in the foreground, wearing swimming goggles and a swimming cap with the Greek flag on it. A few people are in the audience in the background, sitting. | Oscar J. Barroso/ZUMAPRESS/Newscom

Sports

The Steroid Olympics Are Coming

Plus: Brett Favre, Monaco, and an unprecedented media ban.

Jason Russell | 5.27.2025 10:20 AM

topicslaw | Illustration: Editorial cartoon published in The New York Herald, March 3, 1918; The Limit/W.A. Rogers, Library of Congress

Immigration

The Alien Enemies Act Doesn't Say What Trump Claims It Says

Father of the Constitution James Madison made a distinction between alien enemies and alien friends.

Damon Root | 5.26.2025 6:30 AM

El Salvador Prison 2 | El Salvador Presidential Press Office

Donald Trump

The Case Against Judicial Deference to Executive Branch "Factual" Determinations in Alien Enemies Act Cases

Legal scholar Rebecca Ingber offers some strong arguments against deference in this context.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 5.25.2025 5:16 PM

Detainees boarding airplane to be deported | Polaris/Newscom

Alien Enemies Act

Report: 50 Venezuelans Sent to Salvadoran Prison Entered the U.S. Legally, Contrary to White House Claims

"It's not just one or two administrative errors," says the Cato Institute's David Bier.

C.J. Ciaramella | 5.21.2025 1:34 PM

El Salvador Prison 2 | El Salvador Presidential Press Office

Alien Enemies Act

Most Migrants Deported to Imprisonment in El Salvador Under the Alien Enemies Act Had no Criminal Record and Many had Entered the US Legally

A new Cato Institute study by David Bier presents the most extensive available evidence on these points.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 5.20.2025 6:02 PM

Stephen Miller in front of the Supreme Court | Illustration: Eddie Marshall | Andrew Leyden | ZUMAPRESS | Newscom | Midjourney

Immigration

Serious Immigration Law Enforcement Means Serious Destruction to American Liberty

Stephen Miller's trial balloon about abrogating habeas corpus in immigration cases shows how any libertarian with pragmatic intelligence should reject so-called "libertarian" arguments for strict immigration laws.

Brian Doherty | 5.20.2025 12:16 PM

El Salvador Prison 2 | El Salvador Presidential Press Office

Alien Enemies Act

Fourth Circuit Rules Against Trump Administration in Alien Enemies Act Case

In a 2-1 ruling, the Court ruled Trump's invocation of the Alien Enemies Act cannot supersede a settlement barring deportation of a group of migrants. One judge also held the AEA was invoked illegally.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 5.19.2025 8:45 PM

Class Action | NA

Immigration

Lee Kovarsky, D. Theodore Rave, and Steve Vladeck on Class Actions and the Alien Enemies Act Litigation

Kovarsky and Rave defend the use of class actions in AEA habeas cases. Vladeck highlights the significance of the Supreme Court's grant of an injunction to a "putative class" of AEA detainees.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 5.19.2025 1:07 PM

Supreme-Court-building-Joe-Ravi-Wikimedia | Joe Ravi/Wikimedia/CC-BY-SA 3.0

Alien Enemies Act

Supreme Court Issues Ruling Temporarily Blocking Alien Enemies Act Deportations

The ruling held that migrants detained under AEA had not been given adequate notice of their potential deportation. It also reflects the Court's growing distrust of the Trump Administration.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 5.16.2025 7:31 PM

Supreme Court

Supreme Court Enjoins Summary Removal of Alleged Tren de Aragua Members under Alien Enemies Act

A majority of the justices seem unconvinced the Administration was prepared to provide the process that was due. Justices Alito and Thomas dissent.

Jonathan H. Adler |The Volokh Conspiracy | 5.16.2025 4:44 PM

Emergency2 | NA

Donald Trump

My New Lawfare Article "Trump's 'Emergencies' Are Pretexts for Undermining the Constitution"

The article explains why these claims to emergency powers are illegal and dangerous, and how to stop them.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 5.15.2025 11:02 AM

El Salvador Prison 2 | El Salvador Presidential Press Office

Immigration

Trump (Partially) Wins an Alien Enemies Act Case

In a badly flawed decision, a federal district court ruled that Trump can invoke the AEA because the Tren de Aragua drug gang's activities amount to a "predatory incursion."

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 5.14.2025 5:53 PM

El Salvador Prison 2 | El Salvador Presidential Press Office

Donald Trump

Colorado Federal District Court Issues Additional Alien Enemies Act Ruling Against Trump

The court instituted a preliminary injunction against the Administration's use of the Act to deport Venezuelans.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 5.7.2025 9:06 PM

President Donald Trump, with line graphs on either side of him. On one side, a red arrow is going down, while on the other side, a green arrow is going up. | llustration: Eddie Marshall | ALEXANDER DRAGO | UPI | Newscom | Midjourney

Alien Enemies Act

Trump Administration Makes Damaging Admissions on Alien Enemies Act and Deportations

Trump admits he could return migrant illegally deported to El Salvador. And an intelligence community report concludes the Tren de Aragua drug gang isn't controlled by the Venezuelan government.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 5.6.2025 5:57 PM

El Salvador Prison 2 | El Salvador Presidential Press Office

Donald Trump

Yet Another Federal Court Rules Against Trump in an Alien Enemies Act Case

The Southern District of New York rules Trump invoked the Act illegally, because there is no "invasion" or "predatory incursion."

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 5.6.2025 3:11 PM

El Salvador Prison 2 | El Salvador Presidential Press Office

Donald Trump

Federal Court Issues Two Important Rulings Against Trump in Alien Enemies Act Case

Federal district court Judge Fernando Rodriguez ruled that Trump invoked the AEA illegally, and that migrants threatened with deportation under the Act can file class action habeas petitions.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 5.1.2025 2:25 PM

President Donald Trump, with line graphs on either side of him. On one side, a red arrow is going down, while on the other side, a green arrow is going up. | llustration: Eddie Marshall | ALEXANDER DRAGO | UPI | Newscom | Midjourney

Donald Trump

New York Times Symposium on "A Road Map of Trump's Lawless Presidency"

I was one of 35 legal scholars who took part.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 4.28.2025 5:12 PM

trump tariff | Lex Villena; Midjourney

Donald Trump

Free Press Symposium on "Is Donald Trump Breaking the Law?"

The degree of agreement among participants with major ideological diferences is striking.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 4.20.2025 10:25 PM

Supreme-Court-building-Joe-Ravi-Wikimedia | Joe Ravi/Wikimedia/CC-BY-SA 3.0

Immigration

Supreme Court Issues Unusual Order in Alien Enemies Act Deportation Case

The order temporarily blocks AEA deportations. It likely also reflects the Court's growing frustration with the Trump Administration.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 4.19.2025 11:19 AM

ACLU | ACLU

Immigration

ACLU Files Habeas Class Action to Block Alien Enemies Act Deportations

This case has crucial implications for the ability of migrants to effectively challenge illegal AEA deportations.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 4.9.2025 3:53 PM

SupremeCourt-credit-Joe-Ravi-Dreamstime | Joe Ravi / Dreamstime

Immigration

Rights and Wrongs of the Supreme Court's Ruling in the Alien Enemies Act Case

The Supreme Court oveturns lower court decisions temporarily barring AEA deportations, but also emphasizes that detainees are entitled to due process, and that AEA deportations are subject to judicial review.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 4.7.2025 11:57 PM

Donald Trump

Lee Kovarsky on the Venue Issue in the Alien Enemies Act Case

A leading expert on habeas corpus explains why the Trump Administration is wrong to claim the case must be heard in Texas, rather than Washington, DC.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 3.30.2025 1:08 PM

El Salvador Prison 2 | El Salvador Presidential Press Office

Immigration

DC Circuit Upholds District Court Order Blocking Deportations Under The Alien Enemies Act

The 2-1 ruling is procedural, but strongly suggests the majority judges also reject the Trump administration's position on the merits.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 3.26.2025 9:08 PM

El Salvador Prison 2 | El Salvador Presidential Press Office

Donald Trump

Federal Court Rules Migrants Have Right to Hearing to Challenge Alien Enemies Act Deportations

Judge Boasberg ruled the migrants are entitled to due process in determing whether they really are "alien enemies" covered by the Act.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 3.25.2025 8:34 PM

Immigration

Two Audio Interviews About the Alien Enemies Act Litigation

Links to audios of a Cato Institute podcast and an interview with ABC News (Australia).

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 3.21.2025 10:30 AM

NCC | NCC

Immigration

National Constitution Center Podcast on the Alien Enemies Act and Mahmoud Khalil Immigration Cases [Updated]

The participants were Adam Cox (NYU) and myself.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 3.21.2025 10:00 AM

El Salvador Prison 2 | El Salvador Presidential Press Office

Donald Trump

How Trump's Alien Enemies Act Deportations Violate the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment

The people deported are incarcerated in Salvadoran prisons without any due process whatsoever.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 3.19.2025 6:55 PM

Deported | NA

Donald Trump

Trump Administration Likely Violated Court Order in Alien Enemies Act Case

They used the Act to deport some 137 Venezuelan migrants to El Salvador even after a federal court issued a temporary restraining order blocking such action.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 3.17.2025 11:25 PM

Immigration Closed | NA

Immigration

My US News and World Report Article on Trump's Dictatorial Immigration Power Grabs

The article is coauthored with Cato Institute scholar David Bier.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 3.15.2025 6:10 PM

Alien and Sedition Acts | NA

Immigration

Trump May Soon Try to Use the Alien Enemies Act as a Tool for Deportation

His apparent plan to do so is illegal and would set a dangerous precedent if allowed to stand.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 3.13.2025 3:40 PM

Immigration

My New Just Security Article On Trump's "Invasion" Executive Order and its Dangerous Implications

The article explains why the order is unconstitutional and why letting it stand would be very dangerous, including for the civil liberties of US citizens.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 1.28.2025 1:24 PM

Alien and Sedition Acts | NA

Immigration

More on "Invasion," the Alien Enemies Act, and the Political Question Doctrine

Legal scholar Michael Ramsey points out another way courts could reject Trump's plan to use the act as a tool for peacetime mass deportation.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 10.16.2024 7:46 PM

Alien and Sedition Acts | NA

Immigration

Trump's Plan to Use the Alien Enemies Act of 1798 as a Tool for Mass Deportation

The plan is illegal. But courts might refuse to strike it down based on the "political questions" doctrine.

Ilya Somin |The Volokh Conspiracy | 10.13.2024 4:20 PM

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