Baby Ninth Amendments Part V: Real Life, Potpourri, and the Big Picture
An example of a Baby Ninth in action, some miscellany, and what the story of Baby Ninths means for the U.S. Constitution itself.
Unenumerated Rights
Baby Ninth Amendments Part III: "An Unwritten Constitution"
What have people said about the Baby Ninths since they were first adopted in 1819? Delegates thought they protected unenumerated rights. But judges have mostly failed to put them into action.
Baby Ninth Amendments Part II: The Invention of Unenumerated Rights
Like most things in law, unenumerated rights clauses took some time to emerge. But once they got going, they spread to all Four Corners of the country. [UPDATE: I inadvertently posted this under my name initially; but it's of course Anthony Sanders' post. -EV]
Baby Ninth Amendments Part I: Infinite Rights, Finite Ink
There are an infinite number of ways we can exercise our liberty but we can't list them all in a constitution. The solution? An "etcetera clause."