The Volokh Conspiracy
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There Was No Quid Pro Quo in the Mayor Adams Case. Period.
So say Mayor Adams's distinguished defense attorneys in a letter to the district court filed earlier today. And they offer to say so under oath.
I blogged this morning about the Justice Department's motion to dismiss the pending federal charges against Mayor Adams. In my post, I criticized those who argued that there was a "quid pro quo" for the dismissal motion. See, e.g., this VC post by David Post. I explained that the Department's motion to dismiss did not provide any conditions on the dismissal. And I argued that there was no proof of a quid pro quo, and any such deal seemed unlikely.
In breaking news, powerful new support for my conclusion was just filed today on the docket of the criminal case. In a letter to Judge Ho, Mayor Adams's well-regarded criminal defense attorneys—Alex Spiro and William A. Burck of the well-regarded national law firm, Quinn Emanuel—have denied any quid pro quo directly. Discussing the January 31, 2025, presentation made by the defense, they state unequivocally:
At no time prior to, during, or after the meeting did we, Mayor Adams, or anyone else acting on behalf of Mayor Adams offer anything to the Department, or anyone else, in exchange for dismissal of the case. Nor did the Department, or anyone else, ever ask anything of us or the Mayor in exchange for dismissing the case. There was no quid pro quo. Period.
(Emphasis added.)
As recounted in their letter, the defense attorneys explained that Acting Deputy Attorney General Bove invited them to a meeting, where he asked the defense attorneys how the case might be affecting Mayor Adams's ability to do his job and whether there was any evidence of politicization. At the meeting, the defense attorneys explained that "the indictment and upcoming trial were impeding Mayor Adams in myriad ways, including as to enforcement of federal immigration laws, and that Damian Williams's post-SDNY conduct raised serious concerns about his motives in authorizing the prosecution." They were asked to memorialize their position, which they did in a letter. (Found here as Exhibit A.)
In their letter today, the defense attorneys further explain that they heard nothing more until they learned from the press a few days ago that the Justice Department had decided to dismiss the case:
We heard nothing further until February 10, 2025, when we learned from the press that the Department had decided to dismiss the case. We had no heads up or prior notice. We never coordinated with the Department or anyone else. We never offered anything to the Department, or anyone else, for the dismissal. And neither the Department, nor anyone else, ever asked anything of us for the dismissal. We told the Department that ending the case would lift a legal and practical burden that impeded Mayor Adams in his official duties. And that it was the just thing to do because the case was exceptionally weak on the merits and very likely had been championed by Mr. Williams for what appeared to be self-interested reasons. We believe we were right and stand by what we said. What we never said or suggested to anyone was that Mayor Adams would do X in exchange for Y, and no one said or suggested to us that they would do Y in exchange for X.
The distinguished defense attorneys offers to confirm all these points "under oath in sworn declarations."
This new statement should put to rest any argument that there was a negotiated quid pro quo between the Justice Department and Mayor Adams. I have not seen any reason to doubt what the distinguished defense attorneys say. To be sure, as noted in my earlier post, one can still legitimately debate whether the dismissal motion was appropriate. But the argument that the dismissal motion is inappropriate because a quid pro quo was negotiated has effectively collapsed. Period.
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So, is the "dismissal of the pending charges" still "standard fare in plea bargaining"?
There is no plea, and no bargain, if you've been following along.
The DOJ is dismissing the charges without prejudice and they will be reviewed by the permanent USA when he is appointed.
Adams has no assurance that the charges won't be refiled, which is part of what people are complaining about.
Yeah, I know. I was quoting back what Cassell wrote in his prior blog post, in order to check if that was still his position given this new information.
As some have also noted, why should this be a DOJ priority. The state has its own bribery and corruption laws, as well as a shit load of prosecutors. If James or that fat slob Bragg can’t be bothered, why should the DOJ be over concerned here? The federal government didn’t really begin to get involved in such state matters until after the watergate era. Coinciding with the rise of the idiotic and pernicious notion of DOJ independence. Time both were severely curtailed.
Can the judge dismiss the case against the Mayor with prejudice instead of without prejudice? That would mean the Mayor doesn't have the specter of orange Caligula hanging over his head.
He can conditionally deny the motion. On condition the government accept a with-prejudice dismissal.
And I agree that that would go a long way to dealing with the problem here.
It wouldn’t really, since (absent some very surprising developments that haven’t been made public) there’s no good reason not to pursue the case. But it would turn it from shockingly inappropriate to disappointingly-routinely bad.
Next come calls for the two attorneys to be disbarred for lying.
People are too invested in the idea that there was a quid pro quo to believe them.
"No collusion!"
Well there's the fact that multiple DOJ lawyers resigned alleging there was a quid pro quo
In her resignation letter to Attorney General Pam Bondi last week, Sassoon recounted a Jan. 31 meeting with Adams’ lawyers in which she said “Adams’s attorneys repeatedly urged what amounted to a quid pro quo, indicating that Adams would be in a position to assist with the Department’s enforcement priorities only if the indictment were dismissed.”> And Adams, with his lawyers, literally publicly announced the quid-pro quo exactly as described: <I>Adams and his lawyers have repeatedly denied a quid pro quo, but in a letter dated Feb. 3, his lawyers wrote that “if Mayor Adams is removed from office, he would be replaced at least temporarily by Public Advocate Jumaane Williams, a frequent outspoken critic of Mayor Adams’s desire to protect New Yorkers by combating the migrant crisis.”
This is a pretty standard make an agreement without explicitly stating it. No one is under any illusion that the charges wouldn't have been dropped in Adams didn't signal that he'd help Trump politically, and they're all aware they may come back if Adams starts standing up to Trump.
Will you deny either of those things?
This is exactly the problem. Cassel says he sees no reason to doubt the word of Adams' attorneys saying that there was no quid pro quo. But there are at least three reasons to doubt it: (1) they have an obvious interest in the charges against Adams being dismissed; (2) equally distinguished attorneys with the SDNY said that Adams attorneys proposed a quid pro quo dismissal; and (3) the original directive to dismiss the charges likened the situation to the Bout exchange, which was an explicitly quid pro quo affair.
and (4) If there wasn't a discussion of a quid pro quo, why did they feel the need to confiscate the meeting notes?
and (5) it would be exceptionally unusual and dangerous for the defense attorneys to admit elements of the NY state bribery or or gratuity crimes.
In defense lawyer world, "no quid pro quo" is a very thinly sliced bologna.
Wow; I had missed that Feb 3 Spano letter when it was filed yesterday. It makes the qpq all but explicit. "Drop the charges if you want my help on immigration."
Yes. Because we all know respected defense lawyers from large firms are always honest. We also know that sworn declarations definitively establish the truth. That’s why Professor Cassel has consistently believed that any time a post-conviction petition is supported by affidavit and submitted by well-respected defense attorneys, the court must grant it because they put all disputed matters to rest. PERIOD.
But seriously: a sworn declaration? From a big law lawyer on the case? THAT’s your standard for definitively settling a dispute!? Let me know if they’d be willing to testify under oath subject to cross-examination.
In the absence of any evidence to the contrary?
Why wouldn't it settle it?
The judge can ask the lawyers for both parties to confirm it in open court, but more than that what do you expect him to do?
Absent evidence to the contrary like the word of the former US Attorney saying that Adams' attorneys repeatedly urged what amounted to a quid pro quo, indicating that Adams would be in a position to assist with the Department’s enforcement priorities only if the indictment were dismissed?
I have no doubt that Spano is competent enough as a lawyer to word a declaration in such a way that it would not be perjurious, but would fool people who want to be fooled.
“Affidavits are the weakest evidence.” I forget where I read that aphorism. The main reason being there is no cross examination.
Adams's lawyers: "Hypothetically, if our client were to cooperate with ICE, what might you do?"
Trump: "Well, hypothetically, we might drop the charges against your client."
Adams's lawyers: "Okay, interesting. So how's the weather? By the way, our client wanted us to let you know that he's spontaneously decided to cooperate with ICE."
Trump: "Wow, intriguing. It's been nice and sunny lately. Well, we're certainly not offering to do anything in exchange for that, but I think I'm going to have a chat with Bondi and ask her to speak to SDNY, which might in some way relate to you."
Adams's lawyers: "There was no quid pro quo!!!!!!!!! We're willing to put that in an affidavit!!!!!!"
There's zero evidence to the contrary.
And Adams is on record of becoming increasingly opposed to the idea of harboring criminal illegals long before the case against him was dropped.
It's not that they're lying.
It's just that there's a specific legal definition of quid pro quo and they think they're just on the other side of it.
And as long as they think they're just on the other side of it they're free to deny it as emphatically as they wish.
It all depends on your definition of a quid pro quo. If it’s not an explicit exchange? This reminds me of how the mob operates.
Seems something like a favor for a favor to me. But maybe all deals like this do. Assuming it it is a deal, of course.
Except there is a certain quaint notion that justice shouldn't show fear or favor to anyone.
I'm going to swiftly change sides here and agree with you here.
Quid pro quo ? Understanding ? Explicit ? Implicit ? It's all murky territory. Is that glance from the sultry dame across the dance floor an invtation or not ? Was it even aimed ... at me ?
Suppose Bove is 105% honest and there's no thought in his mind of quids or pros or quos. His mere approach to Adams' lawyers might plant the thought in Adams mind that The Donald is sympathetic. And might continue to be sympathetic if Eric was sympathetic to ICE.
There need be no "understanding" - there doesn't even need to be an intention to create an understanding. Adams could rely on mere unreciprocated hope.
These eyes across the dance floor are difficult things to evaluate, never mind police.
Maybe the quid and the quo need to be labeled and notarized in order to qualify for official shady status.
Sex? I dunno hun, that sink full of dirty dishes is really ruining my mood.
Hmm, I wonder if you'd put out if I did the dishes. Maybe I'll try and see.
The left had no issue with it when Biden was threatening banks and insurance companies that did business with the NRA.
That wasn't Biden, and the ACLU in fact came out on the NRA's side. Other than that, great comment!
Adams had become hostile to the idea of harboring criminal illegals long before Trump's election.
So it is all fake news.
LOL! There has been no Quid Pro Quo because, Eric Adams, the criminal defendant claims he's innocent. Checkmate Atheists!
Hey look: Dumbshit mayor and Immigration Czar Homan appeared on fox and friends together on Feb 14th.
https://www.foxnews.com/video/6368821459112
Hope they didn't say anything stupid that would suggest there is in fact a quid pro quo and it is precisely about the NYC mayor helping Trump with his massive deportation campaign promise. That would just be such bad timing! What with the sworn declarations of such serious people to consider here.
Its likely a mere coincidence that re-opening an ICE office at Rikers Island happened. Even more a coincidence that Mayor Adams is taking a cue from Trump and going to issue his own executive orders to help 'get dangerous migrants off the street.' Same for trying to get the city council to pass bills to weaken their sanctuary policies despite overwhelming support in said city council for the policies.
The coincidences are just raining in NYC. What are the odds that such a true partner and friend of Tom Homan is running for re-election and could be BFF's forever now that the pesky federal indictment is going away.
Yes, Adams could see way back on November 10, 2023 that Biden was going to lose, Trump was going to win, and he had to switch to anti-immigrant rhetoric if he wanted to stay out of jail and in office. Then September 26, 2024, he could see he wasn't going to be saved by Kamala either, and doubled down on his immigrant whining.
What a smart mayor!
Oh fuck off. Nobody believes this bullshit. Adams is a cop so him spouting 'public safety' platitudes at any point in the past or present (or future) is wholly expected. Taking active steps in defiance of his own city council and likely also politically unpopular locally (its a city election after all not statewide) is what people who want to win re-election normally do. He doesn't need the support of upstate MAGA because they can't vote for him.
I bet cozying up to the Trump administration is exactly what his top campaign re-election experts recommend he do to win the urban vote.
You can't be mayor from federal prison NEVER crossed their minds. No sir. Just put up some more ICE offices in NYC police precincts that will win over the voters no doubt. Trump is hugely popular in NYC after all.
In the absence of evidence, at least you have your bluster
The evidence is in the resignations of top DOJ officials who refused to go along with the charade.
People in those positions tend NOT to just give them up so easily unless they are worried that what they are being asked to do crosses some ethical line which they refuse to cross and would rather quit their career than carry it out. It didn't happen just once. But multiple people resigned rather than carry out this 'order.'
You don't need to see the actual dead animal that crawled underneath the porch and died when the stench is overwhelming.
A more likely explanation is that they knew their time was up and decided to resign rather than be fired
This is a legitimately compelling argument. Maybe there was no quid pro quo.
Couple things here:
A) The letter speaks only to his attorneys actions. Adams may well have engaged in discussions through other channels, and it's hard to imagine DOJs leadership pushing so hard if there was not some sort of quid pro quo discussed.
B) you don't need to have it explicitly spelled out. Bove saying in a meeting that the indictment needs to be dismissed so Mayor Adams can crack down on immigration could not be clearer that the administration expects him to do so in exchange for getting the case dismissed even if the lawyers didn't solicit it.
I just don't get why some of the bloggers here are going so hard at defending this. Not even the recognition that even if the executive can legally do this it's a very bad practice.
There was no quid-pro-quo or coercion involved. I merely asked if he wanted to support our neighborhood watch program. You know, for peace of mind. Since he has a lot of flammable items around. Totally voluntary, of course. It's scary how often things catch fire. Especially when there's no one watching. At night, or when you're on vacation. It would be a shame if something like that were to happen, especially after he'd been given the opportunity to contribute.
Quite. Is this really the standard Cassell would apply in a corruption prosecution? “We located no written contract memorializing terms, case dismissed. Period.” And presumably, the standard for impropriety is considerably lower than that for criminal prosecution. When you drop a mic, best check it’s not still attached; it’s much less dramatic.
Why is Cassell trying so hard to deny something that no one who is actually involved in the case is denying? Adam’s went on TV with the ICE guy and agreed there was a quid pro quo, two Republicans, including the US Attorney, resigned because there was a quid pro quo, etc.
No, they resigned because they believe in the Narrative that criminal illegals must be protected at all costs. They have no evidence of a quid pro quo, and Adams is on record long before the election of becoming increasingly hostile toward the idea of harboring criminal illegals.
You’re saying that the things people who were present at meetings between DOJ officials and Mayor Adams said about what they heard at those meeting were lies. And despite that fact that several of them were appointed by Donald Trump himself, they are lying because they “want to protect illegals at all costs.” What they said their motives werr is all lies too. And all this is so obvious that what they say is not even evidence?
What, exactly, is your evidence for all of this?
It seems to me you’re saying that since they currently don’t support your political cause 100%, even though the ones appointed by Trump did so right up to a short time ago, they must be bad people and enemies of the country. And since they’re bad people and enemies of the country, they must be lying.
Have you by any chance heard the names of “Hitler” and “Stalin”? Didn’t think so. But it turns out they said exactly the sorts of things about those who disagree either them politically that you’re saying now. You might want to read something about them and how the countries they led turned out. (Hint: Not so well.)
Really? What was said at those meetings? Please give me a quote. This is simply cope on your part.
Interesting that you ignored the single, verifiable fact in all of this that Adams has shown resistance to protecting illegals long before Trump was elected. New York city is in absolute fucking shambles, and Adams knows that this is partly due to unchecked illegal immigration into the city. OF COURSE Adams wants to help ICE get criminal illegals out of this city. It tracks directly with everything he's been saying for the last couple years, and is a far more believable and reasonable reason to explain his cooperation with the current administration.
But sure, "Nazis bad" is a winning strategy for you. Good luck with that.
Weird how, if all of this is totally above-board and absolutely not yet another example of corruption, the contemporaneous notes taken by a member of Sassoon's team during the January 31st meeting were confiscated by Bove after an admonishment for having taken them.
It's also weird how so many people resigned over this totally above-the-table and ethically pure agreement.
I suppose it's better to just take the word of the defense attorneys involved in the scandal who incidentally have Elon Musk for a client too. I'm sure they have nothing to gain for themselves or their client by going along with this.
"The Mayor derives his power from the New York City Charter and the inherent nature of his political position. His powers allow him to take actions such as preventing the Office of the Corporation Counsel from litigating challenges to immigration enforcement, preventing appointed city employees from taking public stances against enforcement efforts, re-opening the ICE office on Rikers Island, and directing the NYPD to supply manpower to assist federal immigration agents"
Being a tool of Trump means you often need to act like you were born yesterday.
The tiny first you are shaking grows smaller by the day.
Why the need for all this heavy lifting that doesn't pass the smell test? The author spent his time here talking about victims' rights.
I respect his cause though not all of its arguments. Why the need to move on to this Trump defense racket stuff?
My questions are somewhat rhetorical but I'm serious. Eugene Volokh might go a bit overboard with his "I don't really have an opinion on this stuff" but it's often a good policy.
Everyone seems to be coming out of the woodwork now including someone talking about how Trump is doing such great stuff except he's wrong on something. And, then the person makes an argument so dubious that an unhinged Trump supporter feels necessary to critique it.
Makes you pine (almost) for Josh Blackman. At least there you figure he's the blog Trumpie while the others are more aboveboard (though having their own pet issue, be it guns or Israel or border issues).
I'll take back the penultimate paragraph as to "so dubious."
I didn't parse the response to a convoluted argument too closely since at some point it gets too tedious.
Cassel goes from:
"There Was No Quid Pro Quo in the Mayor Adams Case. Period."
To
"This new statement should put to rest any argument that there was a negotiated quid pro quo between the Justice Department and Mayor Adams." [emphasis mine]
He shifted his goalposts.
To me the QE attorneys' letter to Judge Ho reads like white-knuckle CYA in response to Sassoon's resignation letter. They seem to have realized the February 3, 2025 letter was going to come out so they decided to try to control the narrative around it. It's a terrible document for them but they had to give it the old biglaw try.