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Supreme Court

Is Court Packing Inevitable If Democrats Retake Congress and the White House?

Plus: a few words about The Odyssey

Damon Root | 7.21.2026 7:00 AM

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Picture of the SCOTUS building, with a blue key on the left and a red key on the right | Illustration: Midjourney
(Illustration: Midjourney)

After his election in 2020, President Joe Biden faced enormous pressure from progressive activists who wanted him to expand the U.S. Supreme Court by packing it with a supermajority of new liberal justices who would be ready, willing, and able to override the Court's conservative majority.

Yet Biden consistently resisted such pressure. Why? Perhaps it was because Biden agreed with liberal Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, who said it "was a bad idea when President Franklin Roosevelt tried to pack the court" in 1937, and it would be an equally bad idea to try again. "If anything would make the Court look partisan," Ginsburg said, "it would be that—one side saying, 'When we're in power, we're going to enlarge the number of judges, so we would have more people who would vote the way we want them to.'"

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Or perhaps it was because Biden agreed with liberal Justice Stephen Breyer, who similarly concluded that court packing would be a race to the bottom that erased whatever credibility and independence the Supreme Court had left, a result that Breyer believed would prove disastrous for liberals and Democrats in the long run. "Think long and hard," Breyer warned the court-packers, "before embodying those changes in law."

Whatever his reasons, Biden held firm in his anti-court-packing stance throughout his single term in office. "The last thing we need to do," Biden said, "is turn the Supreme Court into just another political football, whoever's got the most votes gets whatever they want."

But what happens the next time around? Biden is gone, Ginsburg is dead, and Breyer is retired. Are there any younger liberal figures of comparable stature who would be willing to speak out against court packing if/when the Democrats regain control of Congress and the White House? Or is it only a matter of time before a new court-packing plan is introduced?

Court packing 2.0 may not be inevitable, but it does seem increasingly likely to come up for serious debate in a future Congress. One reason why is that the Supreme Court itself has become increasingly unpopular and distrusted. Indeed, according to a new Washington Post-Ipsos poll, "more than half of Americans disapprove of how the Supreme Court is doing its job, while 46 percent believe that the court is ruling on President Donald Trump's policies based on ideology rather than the law."

In other words, if enough people believe that the Court no longer has any credibility or independence left to lose, then those people won't be persuaded by any Ginsburg-Breyer type of arguments against court packing. For Democratic politicians and the voters who elect them to office, that kind of fundamental distrust of the Supreme Court only seems to be gaining steam.


Odds and Ends

Did you see The Odyssey this weekend? I had the pleasure of enjoying it just as Homer intended: on a huge outdoor screen at one of America's greatest drive-in movie theaters.

I have my quibbles with how writer-director Christoper Nolan tackled some of the material (Nolan-favorite Tom Hardy might have made a better Odysseus, in my opinion, than the too-wholesome Matt Damon), but I was thoroughly entertained by it and entirely recommend it to you if you haven't yet seen it. It's a great work of cinema.

And I must say that I particularly appreciated the film's vilification of Agamemnon, who has always struck me as one of the true villains of the whole saga. Any father who would willingly sacrifice the life of his own daughter deserves to meet a terrible fate.

Start your day with Reason. Get a daily brief of the most important stories and trends every weekday morning when you subscribe to Reason Roundup.

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NEXT: Brickbat: In-N-Out but Not Thru

Damon Root is a senior editor at Reason and the author of three books, including A Glorious Liberty: Frederick Douglass and the Fight for an Antislavery Constitution (Potomac Books). His latest book is Emancipation War: The Fall of Slavery and the Coming of the Thirteenth Amendment (Potomac Books).

Supreme CourtLaw & GovernmentJoe BidenDemocratic PartyCongressJudiciaryCourts
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  1. Spiritus Mundi   2 months ago

    Biden didn't resist anything. He couldn't control his bowels let alone 'his' administration.

    1. damikesc   2 months ago

      No joke. He "resisted" because "Democrats did not pass legislation to do that specifically".

    2. Moderation4ever   2 months ago

      And his replacement is even worse.

  2. MollyGodiva   2 months ago

    Of course it is not inevitable. Da are chickenshits and court packing is crude and temporary. There needs to be a long term solution to turn the court from being an Super Committee and back to a court.

    1. TrickyVic (old school)   2 months ago

      The DSA has ideas.

      1. MollyGodiva   2 months ago

        No one cares what they think.

        1. damikesc   2 months ago

          They OWN your party.

        2. GOD OF PENGUIN ISLAND   2 months ago

          Commies will lie to further their agenda, like they breath.

    2. ungulant   2 months ago

      This!

  3. Lee Moore   2 months ago

    Why ? Why ? Why ?

    Why did the people holding Joe's strings not go for court packing ?

    Because they were short of a Senate majority, as Sinema and Manchin wouldn't budge. Doh !

    1. Hugo S. Cunningham   2 months ago

      Precisely.

      That was a happier time, when moderates could make a difference, Now they are being relentlessly primaried, by MAGAs on the Right and socialists on the Left.

  4. GOD OF PENGUIN ISLAND   2 months ago

    Matt Damon was your casting concern? Lol.

  5. Syd Henderson   2 months ago

    I hope enough Democrats realize that if they pack the court in 2028 the Republicans will do the same when they get back in power.

    1. DesigNate   2 months ago

      The Democrats are playing for power and control and they mean to keep it next time they have it.

    2. Liberty_Belle   2 months ago

      What do you think McConnell and Trump did ? This is how we got here.

      https://amarkfoundation.org/reports/how-did-mitch-mcconnell-shape-the-federal-judiciary/

  6. Spinach Chin   2 months ago

    The popularity of the SC is almost entirely down to media coverage.

    The liberals on the court vote reliably as a block almost as a rule, whereas conservative jurists often break with the conservative majority. Yet you wouldn't know this if you only paid attention to media coverage of the Court.

  7. Eeyore   2 months ago

    Pack it now? Make it 100?

    1. Neutral not Neutered   2 months ago

      Make minimum wage $50.00 at the same time.

  8. TrickyVic (old school)   2 months ago

    Court packing would lead to more court packing.

  9. Social Justice is neither   2 months ago

    Of course Democrats will pack the court. They've already made clear their goal is to rule by any means necessary so cheating in any regard is not off the table if they have the option. Question is, will normal, same people continue to accept their abuses?

    1. Neutral not Neutered   2 months ago

      They're losing their means to cheat elections so they have to do something. Changing policies and having a plan for America's prosperity is too difficult.

      1. charliehall   2 months ago

        Trump envies Ortega, who just ended future elections in Nicaragua. He needs the SAVE act to save the Republican Party. Only cheating will allow Republican victory this fall.

        1. Square = Circle   2 months ago

          Only cheating will allow Republican victory this fall.

          I don't know - the Dems seems like they're working pretty hard to lose it fair and square.

        2. DesigNate   2 months ago

          Projection.

        3. EISTAU Gree-Vance   2 months ago

          Passing a bill that requires ID and citizenship to vote in our elections is “cheating”, chuck?

          Lol. Idiot.

    2. JohannesDinkle   2 months ago

      Listening to Hilary Clinton, AOC, and Mamdani the conclusion to be drawn is that packing the court will facilitate the elimination of the Senate and Electoral College. There is no way an amendment will pass for either of these goals, since probably half of the states would vote against it. Another way would be to have the Court declare Article I to be 'unconstitutional' because the Senate and College do not adhere to 'one man. one vote' ideals.
      Crazy, of course, but consider the sources.

  10. Uomo Del Ghiaccio   2 months ago

    If and when Democrats gain control of power, they will almost certainly increase the size of SCOTUS. They have clearly demonstrated that they believe that the ends justify the means and will do literally almost anything to achieve their goals.

    This is not true with the majority of Republicans, although there is a faction within the party that does.

    Regarding Nolan's Odyssey, he missed the substance and essence that Homer was expressing and only retained the setting and destination. It should be an huge disappointment for anyone who read the Odyssey and understood the morals, thoughts, and beliefs Homer was trying to express. Instead Nolan discarded the essence in favor of the most banal superficial aspects that Homer used to setup his story. Nolan kept the set and discarded the meaning.

  11. MWAocdoc   2 months ago

    "more than half of Americans disapprove of how the Supreme Court is doing its job"

    The conclusion does not follow from this poll result. It would require the assumption that those people who do not trust the Court would favor putting even more idealogically biased jurists on the Supreme Court. It would also require the assumption that "liberal" jurists would vote with a liberal bias after being appointed for life to the Court. Congress may very well consider packing the Supreme Court again using a (questionable) opinion poll as an excuse. If so, then they are simply cherry-picking public opinion items when they want to and ignoring those public opinion polls that don't appear to support their agenda. Also Congress is in very low repute lately in the opinion polls, but they don't care as much about opinions as the Supreme Court jurists tend to do.

    Finally, Supreme Court opinions may be unpopular for the best of reasons if The People are wrong and the decisions handed down by the majority Courts are based upon original intent and strict interpretation of the Constitution and Bill of Rights.

    1. charliehall   2 months ago

      "even more idealogically biased jurists on the Supreme Court"

      No Justice in 50 years has been more ideologically biased than Alito and Thomas.

      "based upon original intent and strict interpretation of the Constitution and Bill of Rights."

      Justices on the Roberts Court have been ignoring the original intent and even trying to rewrite it. Just see the minority opinions in the recent Birthright Citizenship case. Long expositions of a word that isn't in the Constitution. Ignorance of the fact that Birthright Citizenship is part of Common Law and didn't originate with the 14th Amendment, something CJ Roberts pointed out.

      Another example is inventing an individual right to firearms. No less a figure than CJ Burger pointed out that that was not at all what the 2A was about, and he was no liberal.

      1. Square = Circle   2 months ago

        No Justice in 50 years has been more ideologically biased than Alito and Thomas.

        KBJ on line 1.

        No less a figure than CJ Burger

        Who?

      2. DesigNate   2 months ago

        The idea that we do not have an individual right to bear arms is so ridiculous that any man who says as much should be laughed out of the room for being an ignoramus of the highest order.

  12. charliehall   2 months ago

    No, it is Court unpacking that should be done.

  13. Moderation4ever   2 months ago

    Court packing is not necessary if people could get Congress to do the job set out for it in the Constitution. Congress could do a great many things to reduce the impact of Supreme court's ruling. Should states gerrymander for race, no. But in reality no gerrymandering should be done at all. There are any number of concerns about recent SCOTUS ruling that could be addressed by well thought out legislation. The problem is Congress doesn't want to take a stand, instead parties rely on EOs and the problem goes to the Courts.

  14. AJinNJ   2 months ago

    Is Court Packing Inevitable If Democrats Retake Congress and the White House?

    Not if Republicans were sensible. They could work with Democrats now to pass a constitutional amendment to do judiciary reform. The number of Appeals Circuits should equal the total US population divided by 20,000,000; that equals 17 (if rounded up). If the number ends up being even, then just add an extra appeals circuit and Supreme Court seat. The number derived from the population divided by 20,000,000 calculation should also be the number of justices on the Supreme Court. Each seat on the Supreme Court would be fixed to an appeals circuit; in other words, the appeals circuits are Supreme Court districts. In order for someone to be appointed to that Supreme Court seat they must live in that appeals circuit/district. The seats could be slowly added every other year such that no president could appoint more than a total of 4 new seats over the course of 2 presidential terms.

    Republicans stave off court packing, Democrats get a bigger Supreme Court.

    Note: I prefer population divided by 20,000,000 as the calculation, but it could be 25,000,000 or 30,000,000; or even 15,000,000 (but that would probably be too many justices).

    1. DenverJ   2 months ago

      The Democrats don't necessarily want a bigger court, they want one that agrees with them, and the only way to do that right now is to add justices, but there is bo underlying principle that the court should be bigger.

  15. Hugo S. Cunningham   2 months ago

    (1) The Democrats can make a principled argument that Republicans stole *one* SCotUS seat-- either Scalia/Gorsuch *or* Ginsburg/Barrett, but not both-- the two arguments contradict each other. If Democrats win control in 2028, they could offer the Republicans a choice: either one of the two far-Right justices (Thomas or Alito) will resign to maintain a 9-man Court, or the Court will expand to 11.
    (2) If Democrats get greedy and expand the Court to 13, however, that would legitimize endless tit-for-tat expansions. I am reminded of the scene in Charlie Chaplin's "Great Dictator", where host dictator Adenoid Hynkel tries to keep his barber chair higher than that of guest Benzino Napoloni.

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