The Volokh Conspiracy
Mostly law professors | Sometimes contrarian | Often libertarian | Always independent
A Star-Spangled Banner for the Ages
But not, unfortunately, for good reasons
Having heard Ingrid Andress' performance at the MLB Home Run Derby Monday night, I think we may now be able to retire the coveted trophy for Worst Rendition of the National Anthem at a Major US Sporting Event. Have a listen.
To my ears, it is considerably worse - more grotesquely out of tune - than the only real competition, Fergie's rendition at the 2018 NBA All-Star Game. [I have eliminated Roseanne Barr's spectacularly awful 1990 performance before a San Diego Padres game from consideration because she clearly wanted it to be awful, and that violates the rules of the competition.]
I don't mean to pile too much criticism onto Ms. Andress, who admitted after the performance that she had been drunk. She's got, obviously, a pretty serious alcohol problem - to get drunk before the most important performance, by far, of your life is a pretty terrifyingly self-destructive act. She has subsequently checked herself into rehab, and I genuinely wish her well, although the message she sent out on Instagram announcing her decision was not encouraging, and was meant, I hope, to be taken as sarcasm:
"I'm not gonna bullshit y'all, I was drunk last night. I'm checking myself into a facility today to get the help I need…. I'll let y'all know how rehab is! I hear it's super fun."
And speaking of national anthems, the recent international soccer tournaments in Europe and in the US revived my fondness for national anthems - there's nothing quite like hearing 30,000 or so people belting out La Marseillaise, or Il Canto degli Italiani, or O! Canada!, to get the blood running.
It makes me wonder whether there has ever been a good comparative study of the world's national anthems. They're pretty interesting, I think, insofar as they all - every last one, as far as I can tell - sound like they were written in Vienna or Dresden around 1880. There's a wonderful compilation of all of them here - pick a few at random and have a listen. China, Cameroon, El Salvador, Bahrain, Uruguay, Pakistan, …
It's quite bizarre, when you think about it. All of these countries - … Nicaragua, Senegal, the Comoro Islands, Malaysia, Tunisia, Argentina … - each with their own very distinctive domestic musical traditions, and each one has, as its "national anthem," something that sounds like it came out of Johann Strauss' workshop.
Obviously, much of the explanation for this astonishing homogeneity is that it is a holdover from colonial days. But many, many artifacts of the increasingly distant Colonial Era have been dispensed with - constitutions have been re-written, new languages have been declared "official," public school curriculums have been revised, etc. Why has nobody changed its national anthem? Might be an interesting subject for a book.
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All I really want, really seriously want, is for somebody to belt out the first stanza of The Star Spangled Banner at one of these events. They pause for a moment.
The band starts to put away their instruments, and the singer starts in on the second stanza. Then the third.
It would be awkward as heck, but glorious. How many people are even aware it has more than one stanza?
Just change "slave" to "knave" in verse 3 and it should all be good.
Until someone said so in these very comments, it never even occurred to me that it was possible to cosntrue it as a reference to literal slaves, and I still think that reading is totally and completely nuts.
Regrettably, not nuts at all. Research "Colonial Marines in the War of 1812." The chief debate is whether Scott, a slaveholder and racist (being a man of his situation and times) intended the lyrics to be a warning to American slaves not to join the Brits or simply a reference to putative British manipulation and exploitation of such slaves.
Obviously I’m aware that there were a small number of former slaves in the British military. I just don’t see how it makes any sense to think they’re who Key was trying to refer to in context, whereas construing “hireling and slave” as “venal mercenaries and servile subjects of a tyrannical king” as contrasted with the patriotic American volunteers.
If there’s any actual evidence that Key was thinking of actual former slaves—or even any evidence that he had any particular opinion about their role in the war effort, I’d of course be fascinated to read it.
Let’s not forget that during the Napoleonic Wars, the British Navy got a lot of its manpower by press gang; indeed, one casus belli for the War of 1812 was the impressment of sailors from American-flagged ships. This seems very much like enslavement to me, although it wasn’t supposed to be permanent, and pressed sailors were paid.
And yes, I’d say something quite similar about the US military draft: we’re not supposed to call it slavery ’cause the Supreme Court said it doesn't violate the 13th Amendment, but to an outside observer, it sure looks like involuntary servitude.
"we’re not supposed to call it slavery ’cause the Supreme Court said it doesn’t violate the 13th Amendment"
You're perfectly free to say stupid things if you like. Do you think jury duty is slavery? What about mowing the strip of grass between the sidewalk and street? Repairing a damaged mailbox? Is there any form of civic obligation that isn't such an affront to your important self that it must be illegal?
Frankly I've always been a fan of mandatory public service, military or humanitarian. I think people would benefit individually and America would improve culturally. If it gave us a chance to lock up and marginalize cranks that refuse on what they believe is a principle, even better.
Doing public service is an honor.
Being forced to do public service is slavery.
And there is no good reason today for military conscription: The military no longer needs masses of bullet-stoppers, and operating even infantryman equipment is technical enough that it takes a while to learn it: 2 years is not sufficient for a tour.
“Being forced to do public service is slavery.”
By your definition, Israel has a slave army.
I'd be content with the first and last stanzas, the last being the most moving of all, at least to me.
The fourth Stanza is the most important:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I0fQd858cRc&t=48s&ab_channel=HedrickDavid
O thus be it ever when freemen shall stand
Between their lov'd home and the war's desolation!
Blest with vict'ry and peace may the heav'n rescued land
Praise the power that hath made and preserv'd us a nation!
Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just,
And this be our motto - "In God is our trust,"
And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave
Back in the 80's when National Pubic Radio still had a purpose(its where I got my taste for Classical Music, Beethoven, Mozart, Bach, Chopin, OK, maybe "Amadeus" played a role also),
the Mobile AL station would play the entire Anthem on July 4th
Loved the 2d Stanza, Old Francis didn't pull any punches about the Limeys
On the shore dimly seen through the mists of the deep
Whеre the foe's haughty host in drеad silence reposes
What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep
As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses?
Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam
In full glory reflected now shines in the stream:
'Tis the star-spangled banner, O long may it wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave
Frank "Play Ball!"
I’m old enough to remember when NPR observed the 4th of July with a reading of the Declaration of Independence start to finish. I was the local Morning Edition anchor and I loved hearing it. They don’t do that anymore. I assume that’s because they don’t believe it anymore.
Montenegro National Anthem:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GPtPjMdtofk
Kimigayo (Japan) doesn't sound European.
Isn't ours set to the tune of a British drinking song?
And then we re-worded "God Save the King/Queen.
"last one, as far as I can tell—sound like they were written in Vienna or Dresden around 1880."
When/where did pipe organ technology arrive?
Brass band technology?
Music had to relate to the technology that could produce it.
Organs are a millennium-old technology. As are brass instruments (technically, “labrophones”), although not made from brass until comparatively recently.
I suspect national anthems sound like they were all written in the period of the 1st Viennese School because that’s when national anthems started to become a thing.
I can understand playing national anthems when national teams are competing against national teams from other countries.
However, playing the national anthem before every sporting event of any kind is just stupid.
Maybe it used to be stupid, but nowadays it's kind of a rebuke to the "borders are just arbitrary lines, man" crowd.
I enjoy the national anthem at sporting events, and don’t feel the least bit rebuked. Fail.
You think borders are arbitrary lines?
You think they aren't?
And bizarre. We don't play it before, say, movies¹ or concerts or plays. There's nothing special about a club sporting event (as opposed to a national team's) that's political.
¹Though I understand there are some countries where that actually is the custom.
It’s not logical, Captain. It’s emotional.
Team sports, psychologically, are a form of battle. Movies and concerts are not. In a battle, though you want your General to be cool headed, you want the troops to have their dander up.
In New Zealand all rugby teams down to school level have their own haka. It’s war Jim, but not as we know it.
That doesn't address the point at all. Having/playing a team fight song before a game makes perfect psychological sense for the reason you describe. But the national anthem generally doesn't distinguish between the two teams; it would hardly make sense to try to fire up your opponent.
It began during the 1918 Word Series near the end of WWI. The fans liked it and it stuck. I like it too.
The fact that you like it doesn't make it not stupid.
Not just sports teams - the various military units have their Hakas as well. Quite inspiring.
You're obviously not a "Military Brat" because they sure as shit played it before movies on Military Bases, and it might be your 1st Amendment right not to stand up, but it's Manny, Moe, and Jack's right to "help" you stand up, and if you happen to trip and fall out of the Balcony, "oops!"
Frank
I always wondered what the Pep Boys would look like in orange jumpsuits.
Sort of like Moose and Rocko helping Judge Smayles find his wallet
playing the national anthem before every sporting event of any kind is just stupid.
That's a bit of an overstatement, I think. It's just a custom we're used to.
Besides, if we stopped playing it before baseball games we'd lose a lot of old jokes.
"Besides, if we stopped playing it before baseball games we’d lose a lot of old jokes."
None of which were ever very funny, so no great loss.
What were the jokes? Only one I do isn’t really a joke, I yell “Play Ball!” at the end.
O Canada slaps
Which version? They change the lyrics so often.... And so jingoistic and patriarchal....
I prefered The Maple Leaf Forever, myself..
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1qUIZluTItM&ab_channel=DukeofCanada
Imagine complaining that a national anthem is jingoistic.
When Canadians are bitching at me because The Star-Spangled Banner is too violent or militaristic? You bet. Like they never heard La Marseillaise? Watering the fields with enemy blood? Raising the bloody flag? Although I do like the call to arm citizens and form battalions.
The reason they mostly sound like Strauss is that they need to be suitable for a military parade, therefore regular rhythm.
And hearing them side by side by the same military band tends to make them sound similar also.
Germany cut the mean parts out of its national anthem, leaving only some stuff about unity, freedom and brotherhood. The tune is Haydn IIRC, and I suspect only the higher class of military bands can do justice to that.
The first verse of Deutschlandlied (better known as Deutschland Uber Alles) has the boundaries that a united Germany would have had at the time (1841. I believe). These borders would alarm Poland, Russia and Lithuania and probably France and Austria, so the first verse isn't performed these days.
I think it's more than just not performed, the anthem consists of only the third verse as formalized in a 1991 exchange of letters between Richard von Weizsäcker and Helmut Kohl.
It’s a Teutonic Country song, literally (German, yuck) Wine, Women, and Song.
While I have come to love the Canti degli Italiani, nothing beats La Marseillaise sung by thousands
Or played at Rick's.
Ah. You beat me to it. Wonderful scene.
That scene gives me a chill every time I see it. And I've seen it a lot.
Or by Mirielle Mathieu.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SIxOl1EraXA
There is one version sung by one woman that is most impressive:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SIxOl1EraXA&pp=ygUWbGEgbWFyc2VpbGxhaXNlIGx5cmljcw%3D%3D
Not really anthems, but the Union and Confederate marching songs at the beginning of "Gettysburg" are pretty good. Remember Blanching when I heard 5'6" Martin Sheen was in the 6'3" Lee role, but he did a great job, the scene where he tears down, then builds back up J.E.B. Stuart was used in the Marine Corpse as the model for how to counsel a bad performance (Used it with my Daughters, well, youngest daughter, #1 was perfect)
"Jessica, you left here last night with no word of your plans and returned home at 4am, with the distinct odor of alcohol on your breath, perhaps you misunderstood my orders? perhaps I did not make myself clear, well this must be made puhfuctly clear, this must nevah, nevah, happen again. Oh, you're not going to talk? There is no time for that! there is no time! You have a big tennis match at 1000, go to your room, get your bag, and be ready to leave for the park at 0800!"
Frank
Here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W-eZvRVywrA
“She's got, obviously, a pretty serious alcohol problem—to get drunk before the most important performance, by far, of your life is a pretty terrifyingly self-destructive act.”
“She's got, obviously, a pretty serious alcohol problem—to get drunk before the most important performance, by far, of your life is a pretty terrifyingly self-destructive act.”
On the other hand there’s how Charlie Harper deals with stage fright. Resulting in this exchange, as the show must go on :
Alan : “Doesn’t it bother you that he’s loaded ?”
Music promoter : “He’s a musician. It’d bother me if he wasn’t.”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1NFp0BAvlDI
Back in the '80s, there was a Bangor (ME) TV weatherman who gave at least the 11PM forecast drunk. Every night. He'd be in Franklin's which I think is a gay bar now but definitely wasn't then, it was upper crust by Bangor standards.
Memory is he'd have a few before his 6 PM forecast, be drinking until about 10:45, tell everyone he'd be right back, go do his forecast drunk and then come back for a few more. And then manage to drive home. He was a reasonably good weatherman.
Probably a violation of FCC regs today, but this was Bangor, Maine in the '80s.
I miss the '80s....
Did Jim Morrison ever perform when he wasn't drunk?
I don't think that worked out well for him.
Like Hey-Zeus, he’s coming back some day
The Alcohol wasn’t what (supposedly) killed him, it was his Slut Girlfriend’s Heroin, like with Belushi (supposedly)
“And speaking of national anthems, the recent international soccer tournaments in Europe and in the US revived my fondness for national anthems—there's nothing quite like hearing 30,000 or so people belting out La Marseillaise, or Il Canto degli Italiani, or O! Canada!, to get the blood running. It makes me wonder whether there has ever been a good comparative study of the world's national anthems. “
It’s not worth the bother. There can be only one winner. Turn the volume up :
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AM4mIlYKG9s
I prefer Men of Harlech. Especially with a good top tenor, mind.
Which version? The one from Zulu, or the real one?
Both are excellent, imho
While the music hasn't changed, there have been endless modifications to the words for the English version of O Canada! to make it gender neutral, more inclusive, equity sensitive, etc.
The French version hasn't changed at all. Still talks about land of our forefathers, carrying the sword and the Cross, etc.
Wasn't at a Baseball game but the Jimi Hendrix (Southpaw BTW) version at Woodstock is hard to beat.
For baseball versions only, Jose Felicano at the 68' World Series (Depends on the Artist, Jose Feliciano you got no complaints (apparently alot of people did though) is pretty good
Frank "Play Ball!!!"
Whitney Houston (of course) and Hornsby/Marsalis.
I really like South Africa's anthem, with its verses in 5 different languages. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gpc-9bM1RG4&ab_channel=AnthemKing
I hope it's not like Canada with different meanings in each language.
When I was in 5th grade; our teacher told our class that the United States anthem was the only one that centered around war (or maybe it was: centered around wartime).
Don't know if that was actually accurate at the time (early '70s), is still accurate, or is/was completely made up from whole cloth.
Trivially false. It's not even the only North American anthem that centers around war. Consider the first line of the Mexican national anthem from the '40s: "Mexicans, at the cry of war, assemble the steel and the bridle. . ."
The French national anthem is literally about fighting a war, watering field with enemy blood, bloody banners flying
England's is actually pretty mellow in comparison.
"God Save the King" is the de-facto national anthem of the United Kingdom and the royal anthem of each of the British Crown Dependencies, BUT, the nation of England has no "offficial" national anthem. It does however have a much-loved song that a lot of people think should be their anthem. It’s “Jerusalem” from a poem by William Blake.
And did those feet in ancient time
Walk upon England’s mountains green?
And was the holy Lamb of God
On Englands pleasant pastures seen?
And did the Countenance Divine,
Shine forth upon our clouded hills?
And was Jerusalem builded here
Among these dark Satanic Mills?
Bring me my Bow of burning gold:
Bring me my Arrows of desire:
Bring me my Spear: O clouds unfold:
Bring me my Chariot of fire!
I will not cease from Mental Fight,
Nor shall my Sword sleep in my hand:
Till we have built Jerusalem,
In Englands green and pleasant Land.
Sir Hubert Parry set these words to music in 1916 and the famous orchestration was by Sir Edward Elgar. It is today one of the most patriotic and most sung songs in England. It deserves to be the National Anthem.
Not the Anthem, but I could do without the Pledge of Allegiance, I served in a Combat Zone! Got shot at! Went to bed every night wondering if I’d survive the bullets!
Then I finished med school and went in the Military, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait much safer than Alabama, but who is anyone to make me “Pledge” to any thing?
Love when Congress takes the Pledge, looking like the retarded kids who were put back a few years
Frank
I was attending a government meeting in Texas once, and they started with the Pledge. No problem.
Then they segued right into the Pledge to Texas....WTF? I guess that's something you had to grow up with.
You may be interested to know that Texas isn't alone in having a Pledge of Allegiance to its state flag. Seventeen states have official state flag pledges. I'm a fifth generation Texan and I'm proud of that. Why do you object to a pledge to a state flag?
It's been awhile since I read Ray Bradbury's "The Anthem Sprinters".
I need to dig the book it's in out of one of the boxes from my move of 2007.