Names for Governmental Bodies

1. Many countries have a legislative body the English name of which is also a common English computer term. What is that term?
2. Country A has a legislative body the English name of which is also an English term for what many people unsuccessfully try to do. (Country B's legislative body is sometimes translated to use this term as well.) What are the countries and that term?
3. Country C once had a chief executive body the English name of which is a common English computer term. What is that country and that name?