Nick Gillespie | March 24, 2009
Morro Bay, California medical marijuana dispensary operator Charles Lynch finds himself caught between the old guard and the new guard. While the dispensary he ran was fully legal under state law, he was convicted under federal law last year and faces the prospect of decades in jail--all for helping sick people.
Lynch is waiting on his sentence. U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder recently signaled that the Obama administration would break with the Bush administration and prosecute medical marijuana dispensary owners only if they violated both federal and state law.
Lynch was convicted during the Bush years, but his sentencing will occur under the new regime. So where would that leave him on his sentencing day--a free man, a lifelong prisoner, something else?
It turns out that the man who hold Lynch's life in his hands isn't sure how the policy shift should affect sentencing. U.S. District Court Judge George H. Wu postponed his decision until he learns more about the Justice Department's policy regarding such cases.
In this press conference, Charles Lynch and Reuven Cohen, one of his public defenders, answer questions about the man who stands squarely in the middle of the nation's debate over medical marijuana. Will Lynch be punished for following the law? Or will he be set free from the drug war's long reach?
Produced by Ted Balaker and Alex Manning of Reason.tv. Approximately 5 minutes.
For more video and information on Lynch's case, go here.
Watch "Raiding California," which lays out the miscarriage of justice at the heart of this case.
For more Reason.tv, go here.
Help Reason celebrate its next 40 years. Donate Now!
Try Reason's award-winning print edition today! Your first issue is FREE if you are not completely satisfied.
Will Medical Marijuana Dispensary Owner Charlie Lynch Go to
Jail?
Yes.
Should he?
No.
Wu is such a fucking pussy. The sentence is up to him, not to DOJ or Eric Holder or anyone else. He should man up and sentence Lynch to time served, rather than leaving Lynch to rot in jail waiting for Holder to issue a memo to cover Wu's ass.
RC, remember that Wu is a minority federal judge. If he sucks Holder's cock, he could be a Supreme Court Justice one day.
Good decision by Judge Wu. Now let's hope it continues to move
in the right direction and Charlie gets time served or probation or
something.
Keep fighting Charlie!
@RC Dean: Yeah I know what you mean, but he also could have levied the maximum sentence and been done with it. At least he seems to be exercising some caution here, even if it is politically motivated.
When the government is dispensing marijuana then these problems will go away.
Speaking of unjust imprisonment in California:
A man named Walter Hoye
is serving a 30-day sentence for the "crime" of peaceful
protest. He chose an active sentence instead of probation because
one of the conditions of probation would have been to surrender
even more of his rights to peaceful protest.
You'll never guess what Mr. Hoye was protesting against!
As the linked article in the San Francisco Chronicle reports:
'Hoye, executive elder of the Progressive Missionary Baptist Church
in south Berkeley, hands out anti-abortion literature outside
abortion clinics. He was arrested May 13 at the Oakland clinic,
carrying a sign that read, "Jesus loves you and your baby. Let us
help you!"
'As women approached the door, he asked them, "May I talk to you
about alternatives to the clinic?"'
Mr. Hoye was convicted of violating 8.52.030(B) of Oakland
Municipal Code:
'Within one hundred (100) feet of the entrance of a reproductive
health care facility, it shall be unlawful to willfully and
knowingly approach within eight feet of any person seeking to enter
such a facility, or any occupied motor vehicle seeking entry,
without the consent of such person or vehicle occupant, for the
purpose of *counseling,* harassing, or interfering with such person
or vehicle occupant.' [emphasis added]
Mad Max,
Good. That bible thumper has no respect for the human rights of
mothers trying to get invading cells removed from their bodies.
TofuSushi,
Remind me again what principle of liberty allows the government to
send people to jail for "counseling"?
Good. That bible thumper has no respect for the human rights of
mothers womyn trying to get invading cells removed
from their bodies.
Ooops. Fixed.
Remind me again what principle of liberty allows the
government to send people to jail for "counseling"?
You call it counseling. Normal people call it Fascism.
@Mad Max: But it sounds like he did violate that statute. The validity of the law may be up for debate, but if he was approaching women going to the clinic it seems clear that he broke the law.
Rhayader,
It also "seems clear" that Charles Lynch violated the federal
marijuana statute.
But are these statutes constitutional? That's kind of an important
question, don't you agree, when considering whether it's
appropriate to send people to prison for violating those
statutes?
The statute under which Lynch was convicted violates the 10th
Amendment. The law under which Hoye was convicted seems at the very
least to violate Art. I, Sec, 2(a) of the California Constitution:
'Every person may freely speak, write and publish his or
her sentiments on all subjects, being responsible for the abuse of
this right. A law may not restrain or abridge liberty of speech or
press.'
TofuSushi, "Fascism" means more than "disagrees with TofuSushi". Fascism is having a centralized economy with nationalistic tendencies. By what stretch of the imagination does approaching a woman about her abortion have anything to do with Fascism?
Tofu,
It's impressive how you can get from zero to Godwin in under five
minutes.
'You call it counseling.'
No, the Oakland City Council calls it 'counseling.'
@Max: Oh I absolutely agree that the constitutionality should be
considered. Like I said, the validity of the law can certainly be
questioned.
I guess the gray area comes in when you consider the fact that he
was approaching other people and trying to convince them to leave
the clinic. One could make the argument that this violates the
medical privacy of those women and therefore is not protected
speech. Standing outside the building and holding a sign is one
thing, but approaching individuals against their wishes is
another.
In general I would tend to agree that protecting freedom of speech
is paramount. In this case things get a little murky, but I would
prefer to see someone like that get a civic citation instead of
jail time.
U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder recently signaled that the
Obama administration would break with the Bush administration and
prosecute medical marijuana dispensary owners only if they violated
both federal and state law.
That's not what he said. Rule #1 of journalism under Obama: quote,
don't paraphrase, the Hopey One and his minions. 'Cause they only
feel constrained to abide by the literal meaning of what they say,
not your interpretation of it (if they feel constrained by anything
at all, that is).
@crimethink: What is the difference between what was actually said and the quoted paraphrase?
'approaching other people and trying to convince them to leave
the clinic'
No, if they were 'seeking to enter' the clinic, then they would not
be in a position to leave it. They hadn't gone in.
The ordinance criminalizes approaching such a person 'for the
purpose of counseling . . . such person . . .'
In Hoye's case, he asked the women, 'may I talk to you about
alternatives to the clinic?' He didn't thump them over the head
with a Bible and call them Hell-bound Jezebels.
We are asked to believe that he intimidated these pregnant women by
asking them if they wanted to know about their *choices.* Just
thought I'd note the irony.
(Here's the direct quote)
The policy is to go after those people who violate both federal
and state law....Given the limited resources that we have, our
focus will be on people, organizations that are growing,
cultivating substantial amounts of marijuana and doing so in a way
that's inconsistent with federal and state law.
Hey lawyer types!
If he is sentenced, and the policy changes afterward to a more
lenient stance, how does it affect his odds to be freed through
appeal?
He shouldn't serve one minute in jail, but a few months during an
appeal is better than the full sentence...
@Max: OK well if I am about to enter a building, and then am
convinced not to and walk away, I could be said to have "left" the
building. That's not exactly a huge leap.
Things just get a little sticky here because we're talking about
medical procedures, and all the attendant confidentiality and legal
protection. Protesting a procedure is all well and good, but
involving individuals is asking for trouble. "Intimidation" is
subjective, and usually dependent upon the recipient's perception
(similar to sexual harassment).
Like I said, I am a free speech guy though. The guy should
absolutely not have ended up in jail.
Wu's request of a written statement from Holder's office is actually very awesome - there are a bunch of states hearing medical cannabis bills this session, and now no state reps or senators can argue that "this medical bill puts patients at the risk of federal prosecution and breaks the LAW" (which to them is emphasized like the King James LORD).
'One could make the argument that this violates the medical
privacy of those women and therefore is not protected
speech.'
The ordinance does not protect medical privacy. For one thing, it
only applies to 'reproductive health care facilit[ies].'
So it would be perfectly, OK, as far as the ordinance was
concerned, for an acupuncturist or faith-healer to stand outside a
hospital or doctor's office and ask incoming patients, 'may I talk
to you about alternatives to Western medicine?' Just so long as the
facility deals with general health, as opposed to reproductive
health, the ordinancy doesn't apply.
'Standing outside the building and holding a sign is one thing, but
approaching individuals against their wishes is another.'
Suppose the following: The owner of a restaurant is known to have
contributed in support of Proposition 8 (anti-gay-marriage). A gay
person stands outside the restaurant, on a public sidewalk, and
asks entering patrons, 'may I talk to you about gay-friendly
alternatives to this restaurant?' This would not be covered by the
ordinance, because a restaurant is not a reproductive health
facility.
If he is sentenced, and the policy changes afterward to a
more lenient stance, how does it affect his odds to be freed
through appeal?
Not at all. An appeal will be decided on the basis of errors during
trial.
Thank you, crimethink and Rhayader, for reminding us that we are
dealing with minions of the Parsin' President here.
Take a look at that Holder quote:
our focus will be on people, organizations that are growing,
cultivating substantial amounts of marijuana and doing so in a way
that's inconsistent with federal and state law.
Not exactly a promise not to prosecute anyone complying with state
law, is it? You can "focus" on defendants who violate state and
federal law without declining to prosecute defendants who violate
only federal law, no?
I think Holder will set him free. Only because the administration is setting up the groundwork for state and local gun laws superceding Heller.
Wu's request of a written statement from Holder's office is
actually very awesome - there are a bunch of states hearing medical
cannabis bills this session, and now no state reps or senators can
argue that "this medical bill puts patients at the risk of federal
prosecution and breaks the LAW" (which to them is emphasized like
the King James LORD).
Not really, Randolph. Aside from the squishiness of Holder's
statement, medical marijuana will still break the LAW even if
Justice adopts a full-blown no-prosecution policy.
'"Intimidation" is subjective, and usually dependent upon the
recipient's perception (similar to sexual harassment).'
The problem with subjective standards in the criminal law is that
prison sentences and criminal records are very *objective.*
The sexual harassment law is an excellent example - indeed, laws
against sex and other harassment have in fact been applied in ways
which threaten free expression. See Eugene Volokh's Web
site on that subject
(disclaimer: harassment laws generally don't punish with imprisonment, though injunctions based on such laws could lead to imprisonment of alleged violators)
Yeah I agree Max. Sending this man to jail is as much about
punishing his stance as it is about punishing his methodology. It's
not right.
I still think Charlie Lynch's case is more egregious, but yeah I
get what you're saying.
Not at all. An appeal will be decided on the basis of errors
during trial.
Well, wouldn't an "error" be convicting someone based on rules that
no longer applied by the time of sentencing?
What is the difference between what was actually said and
the quoted paraphrase?
I'm not sure now. But Obama and/or Holder will tell us what the
difference is when they decide to continue prosecuting in states
where med MJ is legal.
SugarFree,
That depends -- will Al Davis be the owner of Gaza's football team
too?
crimethink,
Yes, and Jerry Brown would be the mayor of both as well. It's a
Hobson's choice, really.
@crimethink: Oh yeah I'm sure you're right, there will be plenty
of dancing around the issue and playing word games over the next
few years.
Still though, at least a flimsy half-commitment to rationality is
better than the old Bush/Walters constant war rhetoric.
Would you rather live in Gaza or Oakland?
That is a tough one. Isn't Ben Stein located near Oakland along
with many others of his type?
What is the difference between what was actually said and
the quoted paraphrase?
See, i.e., me @ 10:07 am.
a flimsy half-commitment to rationality is better than the old
Bush/Walters constant war rhetoric.
Not necessarily.
Bush's flimsy half-commitment to
rationality smaller government is
better than the old Bush/Walters
Democrat constant war
entitlement rhetoric.
Not really...because it deludes normally intelligent people like Nick Gillespie into believing that things have actually changed.
I think things have changed on the drug war
front. There is obviously a long way to go, and I am not expecting
8 years free from drug warrior abuses and lies. Still though, I'll
take Kerlikowske over Walters any day. The tide is turning, ever so
slowly, toward something that makes marginally more sense.
And yeah, I still say that paying lip service to a good idea is
preferable to vociferously defending a terrible one.
I think things have changed on the drug war
front.
Still mostly press releases as far as I can tell, Rhayader. Sets
your sights higher - demand actual results.
Max
Do you think labor laws that prohibit certain union picketing of
establishments are similarly unconstitutional?
I'm not sure that the law you mention violates free speech. Speech can regulated as to time, place and manner. The guy is free to say anything he wants about abortion. He just is not free to stand near the facility and do that.
@RC Dean: Oh like I said, we have a long way to go. I realize
this and I do have my sights set higher.
Still though, good news is good news, however politicized and timid
it may be.
It's stupid to let the perfect be the enemy of the good.
Less prosecutions for medical marijuana use is a good thing than
more prosecutions.
And let's now remember which administration is bringing you less
convictions.
It's stupid to let the perfect be the enemy of the
good.
Well put. There is a lot more change needed, but a new direction is
a positive development.
Big O hasn't changed any other significant Bush policy. He has
managed one hell of a superficial PR blitz though.
It would be nice to see this be the turning point and have the case
thrown out.
Torture over.
Gitmo being closed.
CA medical marijuana raids stopped.
Pull out from Iraq under way.
Friendly overtures to Iran.
Stem cell research ban lifted.
I'd say that's change I can believe in.,..
I mean, really, I don't like everything he is doing (I want us out of Iraq now, I want Gitmo closed sooner, etc), but again, letting the perfect be the enemy of the good is silly.
'I'm not sure that the law you mention violates free speech.
Speech can regulated as to time, place and manner. The guy is free
to say anything he wants about abortion. He just is not free to
stand near the facility and do that.'
Laws are also supposed to be viewpoint-neutral (with very narrow
exceptions). In other words, it can't single out a particular point
of view for special penalties.
As I have explained above, the ordinance doesn't apply to
protesters outside regular medical facilities, only to protesters
outside 'reproductive health' facilities.
I've also explained that the ordinance doesn't apply to someone who
protests Prop 8 outside a restaurant owned by a prop 8
supporter.
Nor does it apply to someone who is outside a 'reproductive health'
facility demonstrating in *favor* of abortion. It doesn't apply to
someone who comes up to a woman seeking an aboriton and saying -
'you go, girl! Kill that clump of cells! Your body, your choice!'
That's not 'counsel[ing],' you see, it's simply affirmance of the
woman's choices.
The law applies to those who take the position that the activities
of 'reproductive health' centers is wrong. There are no punishments
for those who demonstrate in favor of the facility's activities, or
who engage in so-called harassment outside other types of
businesses.
If Oakland singles out a particular viewpoint for discriminatory,
and unfavorable treatment, then how does that *not* violate freedom
of speech?
I would be more convinced of the Oakland City Council's bona fides
if they applied these penalties to demonstrations they supported -
for example, the aforementioned gay-rights demonstrator who pickets
a restaurant owned by a Prop 8 supporter, or an antimilitarist
group who stands outside an Army recruiting center and tries to
persuade young people not to enlist in the military.
If Oakland applies the ordinance to these situations, then you will
be able to claim with a straight face that this is simply a neutral
effort to punish certain allegedly harassing forms of
picketing.
'Do you think labor laws that prohibit certain union picketing of
establishments are similarly unconstitutional?'
If it singled out labor picketers for special punishments, without
applying penalties to other kinds of picketers, then it would be
unconstitutional.
Don't you agree?
I'm not sure it is not viewpoint neutral. People who want to
cheer abortion as well as people against it cannot stand in front
of the facility and do so.
I mean, if a legislature felt that people standing right outside of
resteraunts "counseling" patrons to do this or that and said no one
could that within x feet of the establishment I'm not sure there is
any problem with that.
Stem cell research ban lifted.
Uhh, you might want to read more than headlines on occasion.
The ban was on federal funding of stem cell research, not
the research itself. There was plenty of research going on, just
now were paying for it...
MNG - torture isn't over, it just has to be justified in a
different way. The Obama administration left in that "Jack Bauer"
exception that you know (or should know) will be abused like
hell.
As for the MM raids, wait and see. It looks better so far, but
Obama has proven plenty flexible with his promises so far. If there
is any blowback from this, I could easily see his admin retreating
rather than taking any heat.
'People who want to cheer abortion as well as people against it
cannot stand in front of the facility and do so.'
That's not correct. Again, here is the text of the ordinance:
'Within one hundred (100) feet of the entrance of a reproductive
health care facility, it shall be unlawful to willfully and
knowingly approach within eight feet of any person seeking to enter
such a facility, or any occupied motor vehicle seeking entry,
without the consent of such person or vehicle occupant, for the
purpose of *counseling,* harassing, or interfering with such person
or vehicle occupant.' [emphasis added]
How can 'cheer[ing] abortion' be a violation of this ordinance?
Even if a pro-abortion demonstrator comes up within eight feet of
the women and shouts 'Good for you! Kill that parasite!' with the
intention of affirming the woman's choice, then they have complied
with the ordinance. Their intention was not to counsel, much less
to harass or interfere, but to *promote* the goals of the abortion
clinic.
'I mean, if a legislature felt that people standing right outside
of resteraunts "counseling" patrons to do this or that and said no
one could that within x feet of the establishment I'm not sure
there is any problem with that.'
But the City Council didn't do that, did they? The ordinance
doesn't cover the situation you mention. It only covers protests
outside 'reproductive health' centers in opposition to what's going
on inside those centers.
There have been other kinds of protests in Oakland, but the
ordinance doesn't apply to these protests. For instance:
Anti-Prop 8 protesters have demonstrated outside the Mormon Temple
in Oakland, but the ordinance doesn't apply to these
protesters. If one of the protesters came up to a Mormon going into
the Temple and asked, 'May I talk to you about alternatives to the
Mormon Church?' that would be fully in compliance with the
ordinance.
The Marine recruiting center in Oakland has been vandalized,
yet the City Council's ordinance doesn't apply to protesters
outside the recruiting center. If a protester outside the center
came up to a would-be military recruit and asked, 'May I talk to
you about alternatives to military service?' that would have been
perfectly legal as far as the ordinance is concerned.
Torture over.
It was not used after, AIRC, 2003, by Bush. The Obamanaut head of
the CIA has reserved the right to use enhanced interrogation of
conditions warrant.
Gitmo being closed.
Still open. SCOTUS approved due process for detainees suspended.
Obama has reserved the right to continue indefinite detention of
detainees without due process.
CA medical marijuana raids stopped.
Perhaps. No definitive policy statement or directive issued.
Holder's statement leaves the door open for federal raids on
facilities that may not comply with state law.
Pull out from Iraq under way.
Per the Bush-negotiated SOFA.
Friendly overtures to Iran.
Friendly overtures by Iran would be preferred. Right now, Iran is
rejecting our overtures in order to see what additional unilateral
concessions they can make. This is certainly change the mullahs can
believe in. Whether it will yield results in the best interests of
the US remains, at best, to be seen.
Stem cell research ban lifted.
Stem cell research was never banned. Embryonic stem cell funding by
the feds was banned unless certain pre-existing lines were used.
All indications are that non-embryonic stem cells hold the most
promise of real applications.
Make that:
Right now, Iran is rejecting our overtures in order to see what
additional unilateral concessions they can make
get.
And I would also note that MNG made a slight Freudian slip when he said that demonstrators in favor of these clinics would be 'cheering] abortion.' Of course, they would be cheering *choice.*
Mad Max,
I'm sympathetic to your arguments on the clinic law in general, but
I think this might be considered a "time, place, manner"
restriction because "counseling" is probably considered vague
enough to include both pro and anti-abortion protesters. Of course,
the clinic owner or abortion-seeker would probably not choose to
report violations by pro-abortion protesters.
I will grant that the law cuts it pretty close, given that it only
singles out reproductive health centers.
Abdul,
I'm not sure the law's supporters will actually try to defend their
handiwork on the grounds that the law is "vague." That would make
the law more vulnerable to constitutional challenge, not
less.
I still claim, in any event, that approaching a pregnant woman with
the intent of *affirming her decision,* rather than counseling her
about it, is in compliance with the ordinance, thereby privileging
pro-abortion speech.
The protester's free speech rights are being punished with jail time. Oakland is wrong to throw someone in jail for what was done. Whether you disagree with his advocacy or not is precisely the point of not imprisoning him for speaking. The whole point of Freedom of Speech is to argue in favor of your ideas, be they political or religious or whatever. It's not just so you can say fuck in public.
I thought this was a discussion of Charlie Lynch.... why is the
majority of these comments dealing in abortion rights????
Holder should request that the case be dismissed before they get to
the appeal. By Judge Wu bringing up Holder's statement regarding
compliance with State AND Federal Law, doesn't he open up the
avenue for an appeal on the basis that nothing regarding State Law
(and Charlie's compliance with) was allowed to be brought up during
the case?
It sounds like a major error to me to not allow discussion of
California Law during the case, but then to bring it up during
sentencing.
Some have cited "the Constitution" as a rationale for condemning
DEA-arrest and Fed-prosecution of Med Marijuana vendors. I would
only add that the laws granting such authority violate the
non-aggression principle.
As to CHANGE - I'd like to see Obama direct Justice to review
drug-related federal cases - including for those imprisoned - to
the end of granting clemency and release.
Now *there* is a cost-saving measure - potentially 25% of prisoners
would be released - no to mention freeing up space for truly
dangerous criminal.
I can't dream, can't I??
Will this lead to a Supreme Court case? Pretty sure the 10th
applies here.
More to the point, there's no constitutional authority for the feds
to conduct a drug war at all. It took an amendment to ban alcohol,
and that amendment was repealed.
-jcr
"it shall be unlawful to willfully and knowingly approach within
eight feet of any person seeking to enter such a facility, or any
occupied motor vehicle seeking entry, without the consent of such
person or vehicle occupant, for the purpose of *counseling,*
harassing, or interfering with such person or vehicle
occupant"
Max
If a pro-choice person approaches "within eight feet" of "any
person" seeking to enter such a facility without the consent of
such person and counseled, harrassed or interfered with such
person, then the law would apply.
The law is similar to a law that banned animal rights protesters
from standing near the door of fast food chains and, without
someone's consent, approaching them and "counseling, harrassing and
intimidating them" to not enter the establishment.
"It only covers protests outside 'reproductive health' centers in
opposition to what's going on inside those centers."
I'm not sure what your point is on that. Resteraunts are a type of
establishment just like health clinics are.
RC Dean
Cute RC, cute.
1. The Bush administration held torture to be something they could
use, Obama held it cannot be. There's the difference.
2. Obama has signed an order for Gitmo to be closed within the
year. Bush was Prez for eight years, Gitmo open the whole
time.
3. Bush administration held raids against ones in compliance with
state law, Obama has stopped that.
4. Obama is certainly pulling more forces out faster than Bush's
agreement.
5. Before Obama, no fed $ on stem cells, after, fed $ on stem
cells
'If a pro-choice person approaches "within eight feet" of "any
person" seeking to enter such a facility without the consent of
such person and counseled, harrassed or interfered with such
person, then the law would apply.'
Sure, and the law prohibits the rich from sleeping under bridges.
What's your point?
'The law is similar to a law that banned animal rights protesters
from standing near the door of fast food chains and, without
someone's consent, approaching them and "counseling, harrassing and
intimidating them" to not enter the establishment.'
You've changed the 'or' to 'and.' But there would still be the
problem of singling out animal-rights protestors for special
punishment.
Allow me to repeat my earlier question - would you allow such a
discriminatory law aimed at labor union picketers?
Site comments/questions:
Media Inquiries and Reprint Permissions:
(310) 367-6109
Editorial & Production Offices:
3415 S. Sepulveda Blvd.
Suite 400
Los Angeles, CA 90034
(310) 391-2245