Jacob Sullum | August 12, 2009
Last week Christina Romer, chairwoman of the White House Counsel of Economic Advisers, suggested that we think of the $787 billion American Recovery and Reinvestment Act as an extremely expensive course of antibiotics. "Suppose you go to your doctor for a strep throat," Romer said in a speech to the Economic Club of Washington, "and he or she prescribes an antibiotic."
If your fever goes up after you take the first pill, just as unemployment rose after the stimulus bill was enacted, that doesn't mean "the medicine is useless," Romer noted. It could simply be that "the illness was more serious than you and the doctor thought."
But it's also possible that your sore throat and fever are caused by a virus, not a bacterium, in which case the antibiotic will not help. Eventually, though, you will recover on your own, and you may mistakenly conclude that your doctor's prescription did the trick.
Such erroneous causal inferences are always a hazard when it comes to government spending aimed at alleviating a recession. Even if most or all of the money is disbursed after the recession has ended (which is typically the case), stimulus advocates can say the recovery would have been weaker without the spending. Since there's no readily available parallel universe in which to test that counterfactual hypothesis, they can never be conclusively refuted.
Still, Romer seems unreasonably sure that Dr. Obama's medicine is already kicking in. Although she concedes that "the evidence from the path of the economy over time can't settle the issue of what the effects of the Recovery Act have been," her answer to the question posed in the title of her speech—"Is It Working?"—is "absolutely."
I guess that depends on how you define "working." No doubt spending billions of dollars in borrowed money has some impact on the economy. But the idea that the stimulus package had much to do with what looks like an incipient recovery that may have begun in June is belied by a couple of inconvenient facts.
First, since World War II the length of recessions has ranged from six to 16 months, with an average of 10. The current recession officially began in December 2007, so a recovery by the second half of 2009 was always widely expected.
Second, according to ProPublica, only $73 billion of the $580 billion in stimulus spending has been disbursed so far. Another $30 billion or so has gone out in the form of tax cuts.
Romer concedes the latter portion of the stimulus does not seem to be very stimulating. She says "consumption fell slightly in the second quarter after rising slightly in the first quarter," which "could be a sign that households are initially using the tax cut mainly to increase their saving and pay off debt."
Is it plausible to suggest that $73 billion in stimulus spending over five months had a decisive impact on a $14 trillion economy? I say "decisive" because President Obama, back in February, presented the stimulus package as the only alternative to a never-ending recession, and last week he claimed, "We've rescued our economy from catastrophe."
Even if we accept the Obama administration's numbers, taxpayers do not seem to be getting much employment bang for their buck. Romer estimates that "employment is now about 485,000 jobs above what it otherwise would have been." That comes out to more than $200,000 per job, which seems pretty pricey, especially since many of these jobs are temporary.
Here is where the "reinvestment" part comes into play. Administration officials say the stimulus package is all about putting Americans back to work. When asked whether this is an efficient way to do that, they claim all the work needs to be done anyway. Conversely, when asked whether all the projects are really worth the money spent on them, they cite jobs "created or saved" as a backup justification. Stimulus means never having to admit you're wasting money.
Jacob Sullum is a senior editor at Reason and a nationally syndicated columnist.
© Copyright 2009 by Creators Syndicate Inc.
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"We've rescued our economy from catastrophe."
I knew this shameless spin was inevitable regardless of how much
worse the economy got after the stimulus, but actually seeing them
say the words still pisses me off.
"You must lay all of your gold at the foot of the pyramid or the
gods will punish you."
It's amazing how many people still fall for this.
Christina Romer, chairwoman of the White House Counsel of
Economic Advisers
This goes to show you that evil needn't be a mass murderer or slave
trader or producer of Broadway revivals. It can be a jolly fat
woman.
So as soon as the economy is fixed, can we all safely assume
that whatever money is left over in the stimulus package will be
returned to the taxpayers? If it only took 73 billion out of 787
billion, that's over 700 billion left over that is no longer
necessary. We can use that to, say, fund healthcare (single payer
option fully funded, woohoo!).
Somehow I doubt we'll be getting a refund. But why is nobody asking
such an obvious question?
"last week he declared, "We've rescued our economy from
catastrophe." Christina Romer, his chief economic adviser, said the
stimulus package "absolutely" is working as intended."
Not a one of them is the least bit capable of proving their
democrat-consitituent-lard-spending-program had anything to do with
actually improving the economy in any way.
Somehow I doubt we'll be getting a refund. But why is nobody
asking such an obvious question?
What are you, some kind of nazi birther teabagging
rabble-rouser?
"We've rescued our economy from catastrophe."
Isn't their humility so endearing?
You see, Bush and the Republicans almost brought catastrophe to the
economy (apparently, by cutting taxes on the wealthy, understand?).
But Team Blue jumped in, rolled up their sleeves, and have brought
us back from the brink!
The only thing missing is a photo of Papa Stalin up late in the
Kremlin, a single window illuminated, showing that he's working
night and day for the people.
"We've rescued our economy from catastrophe."
That's about as ridiculous as Bush saying the tax cuts
stimulated the economy and "paid for themselves".
But I don't blame Obama and the Democrats. They did the same thing
Bush and the Republicans did when he was first elected. It's all
just political payback. They can put whatever name tag they want on
it. But please, don't insult my intelligence and say it actually
helped anything, except themselves.
Sorry, but that lady just doesnt look very bright to me
dude!
RT
www.anon-web-tools.net.tc
Their entire claim is non-falsifiable. They may as well be
attributing recovery to intelligent design.
Anyone see that Krugman is also crediting the stimulus with this
apparent recovery--he of the "we're not spending enough on the
stimulus to work" school? He's a fucking goalpost mover.
Jacob says that the economy was expected to recover by the
middle of 2009 on its own, linking to an article written by Anthony
Karydakis back in December 2008. I guess Jake forgot to read Tony's
last two paragraphs:
"To be sure, this is a major recession and its downside risks in
the midst of a highly volatile financial market environment
shouldn't be underestimated. There are reasons, though, to believe
that its severity and length will ultimately be contained by an
unprecedented array of economic policy measures, some already in
place, others in the pipeline.
Despite a series of false starts with some of those measures by the
Treasury, the Fed's seemingly limitless reserve of innovative
actions and the incoming administration's commitment to put in
place a particularly aggressive fiscal stimulus package should
gradually gain some traction that will help stabilize the economy
within the next three quarters or so."
Yeah, that sounds about right.
Anon-tard has finally hit his stopped clock moment.
I think he hit that moment when he copped to smoking opium on a daily basis, but he's been showing a degree of prescience for some time.
"Anon-tard has finally hit his stopped clock moment."
I don't know man. There have been some damn spot on comments from
the bot/tard over the past month or so.
Art,
Once he's trained and they download him in Predator drones, we are
good and thoroughly fucked.
In fact, anonymity guy is a better contributor than Lonewacko or
Lefiti, but then again that's not saying much.
OK, maybe not prescience, but at least insight.
How much do tax cuts cost? Sounds like they're pretty expensive.
Damn it, somebody beat me to bringing up the anon-tard opium
post.
I sometimes crack up when driving to work when I think of that.
About the picture, i just wanted to note that Dana Carvey has really let himself go.
i just wanted to note that Dana Carvey has really let
himself go
[chomp, chomp] Fuck you, it's my glands! [chomp, chomp]
Sure the stimulus saved the economy, just like Fannie Mae, Freddie Mack and Country Wide saved the housing economy. The problem in both cases is that the borrowed money supply will dry up and you are left with an economy that cannot sustain itself since the money spent does not equal what the actual worth of the projects .
Somehow I doubt we'll be getting a refund. But why is nobody
asking such an obvious question?
A number of people have called for a stop to further stimulus
spending. But they're mostly Republican Congressmen, so nobody
cares.
This goes to show you that evil needn't be a mass murderer or
slave trader or producer of Broadway revivals. It can be a jolly
fat woman.
I must admit, I find it fascinating to watch her being interviewed.
Words cannot ....
NO DJF. The money will never run out. We will just keep taxing and borrowing and spending and then printing money forever. There is no reason to have a private sector. The government can do everything and pay for it all by taxing the evil rich. Don't you get it?
"A number of people have called for a stop to further stimulus
spending. But they're mostly Republican Congressmen, so nobody
cares."
Isn't it going to take life four or five years to spend all of the
money? If the Republicans took back Congress in 2010 and canceled
the rest of the stimulus, I can see the MSNBC cameras filming
grandmas being thrown into the street right now.
Or it could be that your doctor prescribed steroids, and that infection that your body was fighting off is about to come roaring back. And this time IT'S PISSED.
We have seen this movie before at the drive in in the 1970s. It is called Stagflation. I guess since Hollywood feels the need to remake every 70s movie and TV show, our government feels the need to remake the economic conditions.
"We've rescued our economy from catastrophe."
And George Bush also declared our victory in Iraq and Afghanistan.
What a joke that people fall for this shit.
Nice article Jacob.
Has anybody ever seen Christina Romer and John Murtha in the same place at the same time?
"And George Bush also declared our victory in Iraq and
Afghanistan. What a joke that people fall for this shit."
Maybe Obama can have a press conference at the NYSE and declare
"mission accomplished".
I don't think Christina is maliciously lying, I think she just knows that if she tells the truth she'll get fired, and in this economy it's really hard to find a job.
And the backtracking begins. Remember when the stimulus itself was gonna cause untold decades of misery? So is the apparent recovery happening despite the stimulus? Or is it just ineffective and a waste of money? Cuz it seems to me nobody's been spending money except the government, so I don't see where else the recovery could have come from. Of course the 1/3 of the stimulus that is tax cuts doesn't seem to be stimulating anything, as expected by real economists.
"And the backtracking begins. Remember when the stimulus itself
was gonna cause untold decades of misery?"
And it still will. We still have to pay off the 700 billion dollars
in debt and have to live with the inflation that is going to come
from printing off all that money. When the next recession comes,
there won't be any credit left to stimulate our way out of it.
Remember when the stimulus itself was gonna cause untold
decades of misery?
Tony, please. Try not to lie.
Nobody said the damage caused by the stimulus would show up by
August. In fact, most people agreed that stuffing cash into the
economy would make the numbers look better, for a little
while.
The problem is that stuffing cash into the economy isn't
sustainable, and causes damage in the long run. Even the CBO said
that.
Of course the 1/3 of the stimulus that is tax cuts doesn't seem
to be stimulating anything, as expected by real
economists.
Pray tell, how do you know that whatever stimulus has occurred is
due solely to spending, and none is attributable to tax cuts
whatsoever?
Tony... You are retarded.
We are still massively hemorrhaging jobs to the tune of a
quarter-million a month. And the 10th of a percentage point decline
in the rate of said losses can be easily attributed to people
simply giving up looking for jobs (which aren't counted by the
Bureau of Labor Statistics) or being bumped off Unemployment and
transitioning into the Welfare system. We're also starting down a
long road of massive inflation coming very very soon - and of
course, we still haven't exactly figured out how to pay for it all.
You may have noticed Geithner calling for yet another
increase in the limit of the national debt.
If you're seeing "recovery" right now, are you also seeing
rainbows, lollipops & unicorns?
Must be a fun magical world you live in.
As said upthread/by Sullum, of course dumping trillions of
dollars into the economy is going to have an "effect". And in the
short term somethings are going to go up giving imbeciles some
great headline-fodder.
Page 1: "Stock market goes up!"
Page 16: "Dollar steadily losing value against international
currencies"
No correlation there, huh?
Your shortsightedness is as unsurprising as it is idiotic. Real
Economists are predicting much more trouble ahead. No one here
is doing any backtracking Tony, we're mocking the idiots (like you)
who actually believe Romer's "mission accomplished" publicity
stunt.
Cuz it seems to me nobody's been spending money except the government, so I don't see where else the recovery could have come from.
Well, no shit nobody else is spending money. This recession was
caused by massive overleveraging by everyone under the sun. Of
course, just as the personal savings rate starts to approach sane
levels the government solution is to burden everyone with a
shitload of debt.
Of course the 1/3 of the stimulus that is tax cuts doesn't seem to be stimulating anything, as expected by real economists.
Except the savings rate. Which "real economists" (Keynesian
dimwits, or bubble blowers) absolutely abhor.
The good effects of the stimulus have temporarily showed up, but the bad effects are still to come. Witness the plunge of the dollar against other currencies, etc.
That man looks like an old lesbian.
This was going to be, almost word for word, my original comment, i
shit you not. GET OUT OF MY HEAD WARTY AAAAAAAAAAGH
Jordan,
I think saving is important. Part of the problem with the economy
was that nobody was saving but rather trusting the equity in their
homes. Nobody was saving because wages haven't risen with cost of
living in a long time. But saying that saving is good for the
health of the economy doesn't mean tax cuts that go directly to
savings are that useful during a recession. If you're gonna drain
the treasury it should at least be for purposes of economic
stimulus. Trickle-down theory has never worked as promised and it's
still not.
Xeones, I know you best, better than one might think. I know you
better than I know myself. It's time for you to make a sacrifice.
It's time to die a little. Give it up.
You are a part of me.
It doesn't matter if the medicine gets you better if it increases your chances of getting sicker later. That is exactly what would happen with the stimulus.
There's no way to know one way or the other. Reason is going to spin the stimulus as useless, based on its own beliefs on how the world should work, just as the administration is going to spin it as working. Neither hypothesis can be tested.
Tony:
"Trickle-down theory has never worked as promised and it's
still not."
Yet strangely, that's exactly what Obama is doing. Or are $700
Billion bank bailouts designed to "stimulate" the economy by
eventually increasing available credit so people can keep buying
shit with borrowed money not a perfect example of the
"trickle down" theory?
More to the point Tony, you've still confused cause & effect
and your lack of understanding of something as basic as savings is
a right failure. We've not been saving precisely because rates were
held exceedingly low and the entire thrust from government was (and
is) SPEND SPEND SPEND! A recession is *exactly* the time when we
need people to start saving again to make up for
their capriciousness in the last 6-7 years. If people take 100% of
the stimulus money and actually *did* save it, and that money
somehow miraculously avoided simply causing a ton of inflation
(which it will), then we'd be much much better off than we will be
in 2 years.
All credit & investment has to come from
underconsumption (savings) and can't just be printed if
you want the damn thing to be sustainable. Credit born out of the
Federal Reserve leads to booms & busts as we've got a perfect
example of right now.
Christina Romer, his chief economic adviser, said the
stimulus package "absolutely" is working as intended.
I think she's 100% correct, but only because I believe the stimulus
package was intended to:
(1) Position the administration to take credit for any economic
improvement, and insulate it against criticism for continuing
decline.
(2) Send boatloads of pork to favored constituencies.
(3) Desensitize Americans to levels of spending and debt that would
have been previously unthinkable.
Mission accomplished, indeed.
jhn - you don't get to test things like this, no... which is why
you need to view economics not through the lens of empirical
positivism (statistics), but through deduction & mathematics.
As George Koether put it in his article "Economics of Oblivion"
yesterday;
"Economics does have great exactitude, but it is a qualitative, not a quantitative exactitude. The economist cannot know the number or size of all the cakes in the world, or when they will be eaten, but he is dead certain that whoever eats his cake no longer has it."
My girlfriend was listening to NPR this morning, and some nit-wit actually said that Romer and Bernanke are 'students of history', and so are obviously qualified to make these important statements/decisions on the economy. My gf got a laugh when I began ranting as to how they are obviously not 'students of history' if they think that all this meddling is good for the overall health of the country.
RE "empirical economics":
Emma: Look, you know what blows all this talk out
of the water? There have been a number of studies that found that
they raised the minimum wage and it wasn't followed by any
mass unemployment like predicted.
Adam: I'm not saying an increase in the minimum
wage would destroy all or even a majority of low-end jobs, though
it might a significant minority. Again, an increase in the cost of
living is the main result of the increase in the cost of labor. But
the bigger point here is, empirical studies prove nothing -- not in
economics.
Emma: Theorizing around a table is science, but
actually measuring the real-world impact of those theories
isn't?
Adam: Couldn't have said it better myself!
John: Adam, seriously. What do you mean?
Adam: Science is about nothing if not
controls. But the economy isn't a laboratory, and it
doesn't allow for controls. Do you realize just how many factors
other than the wage increase were responsible for the
employment rate? We would have to keep all those factors as a
constant in order to isolate and gauge the effects of the wage
increase. But that's exactly what we can't do with the real world.
These "studies" aren't tests that prove or disprove a hypothesis.
At best, they're surveys. Presenting them as experiments
demonstrates only the inability to distinguish correlation from
causation -- the post hoc ergo propter hoc fallacy.
Emma: So what are we supposed to do with the
actual data -- dismiss it completely because it contradicts your
theory?
Adam: No, not at all. We evaluate it in light
of the theory. It simply means that the depressing effect of
the wage increase was obviously overcome by the uplifting effect of
other, beneficial factors. Of course we should also keep in mind
the many below-minimum-wage workers of the "underground" -- off the
books -- economy, who aren't measured by these studies. Their wages
purchase, among other things, the labor of workers in the
conventional economy, who are measured.
John: It seems to me that since you have theory as
the basis of everything, we have to ask what is the basis of this
theory.
Adam: Economic science proceeds from theorems, or
"axioms," as some prefer -- I already gave you one: Lower the
price, you sell more; raise it, less -- that themselves proceed
from knowledge that is available to all people everywhere. A man
has five dollars: It's easier for him to buy the one dollar widget
than the four dollar one -- and impossible for him to buy the six
dollar one. Theory is no more an arbitrary construct in economics
than in mathematics. One-plus-one-equals-two isn't merely a
"logical" proposition, but something we've observed from the result
of putting one rock together with another.
John: And it's by applying these theorems to
"economic" questions of production and distribution that we engage
in real science?
Adam: Exactly.
FROM HERE
Incidentally though Mr. Loberfield, in the specifics - most studies *have* in fact found that increases in the minimum wage have been accompanied by increases in the unemployment rate, (I know that's not what you're really arguing) but I shall direct you Minimum Wage: 50 years of Fail
Sean,
I was referring to such things as Card-Krueger. BTW, interesting site you've got
there.
The antibiotic-for-a-viral-infection metaphor is a good one, but
it only works if we're actually healthy a year or two from now.
I've got a better metaphor for you:
The economy is like a car with a dead battery, and stimulus is like
trying to start the car with jumper cables. You're going to see
some response from this: you'll hear the starter and maybe actually
hear the engine turn over once or twice. But if there's no gas in
the car, you're wasting your time on the wrong problem.
We can kick money into the economy at any time, but without
reducing the deficit and Americans having real savings, there's no
point. It's all wasted effort. This recent "recovery" is nothing
more than the engine of our economy turning over once on the
remaining fumes in our empty tank - the same way we had a 40%
"recovery" in 1930 before a decade of depression.
Yeah, the thing with Card-Kreuger is that it's the only
study that came up results where employment wasn't decreased. And
frankly, if you look at the study a little more closely, their
methodology was a nightmare.
They only looked at who was "employed" and didn't bother to look at
niggling little details like how many hours people
were actually working.
So, instead of firing people outright (which I don't think any
sensible person would expect as a consequence of a minor increase
like happened in 1992-94) companies just scaled back on hours...
Duh.
Yeah, the thing with Card-Kreuger is that it's the only study that came up results where employment wasn't decreased. And frankly, if you look at the study a little more closely, their methodology was a nightmare.
They also did a lot of survey data instead of using payroll
data.
IIRC, they also had the problem of doing a before-and-after study
where the "before" was after the bill was already passed but before
it took effect.
Yeah... Look, the thing is... the Card study has also been
rejected by virtually everyone else who studies
unemployment and minimum wage.
The fact that guys like Krugman are still referencing it as some
kind of proof is asinine. But... It's Krugman and friends, so go
figure. When that study came out anyway, it was supposed to be this
big "gotcha" moment refuting 200 years of economic observations
& of course the basic mathematical logic that says that X/5.75
> X/7.15.
It's astonishing to watch people who can (or so I've been told) do
amazing things with calculus and statistics fail to get their
arithmetic right.
I think a good case can be made that the stimulus DID hurt the
economy at first, and this could have accounted for the
worse-than-forecast results in the first half of the year.
The stimulus could have had an initial negative effect for the
following reasons:
1. When it was first announced, it created a lot of uncertainty for
businesses, which caused them to wait on major investments until
they understood the impact.
2. State level projects which would have started at the beginning
of the year were delayed to wait for stimulus funds.
3. Under the permanent-income hypothesis, once the stimulus passed
I would expect the savings rate to increase as people discount
their future incomes because of the higher taxes needed to pay for
the stimulus.
4. The money had to be borrowed before it could be spent. This
created additional competition for private debt, driving up
interest rates. I believe mortgage rates went up a point because of
this.
From the beginning, I assumed that the stimulus would initially
hurt the economy, then as the money started to be spent it would
help somewhat, then after the money was gone it would hurt even
more as the temporary jobs were lost and the market had to adapt to
all the dislocations and distortions of government policy. Over the
long term, the added debt from the stimulus would be a drag on
growth.
If you look at the timing of the stimulus, it has one major
beneficiary - Democratic encumbents. The stimulus is timed to have
the bulk of the money hit the economy just before the mid-term
elections. Expect to see lots of crowing next year about all the
jobs created, and lots of articles published by a compliant media
extolling the virtues of the various stimulus projects that will be
then be roaring along. That will get the Democrats elected again -
before the hangover starts.
And if the economy has started to recover on its own, then the
stimulus will be timed such that it's pro-cyclical, contributing to
an overheating of the next business cycle while making the
recession worse. And that has always been the classical argument
against fiscal stimulus - it can't be timed accurately.
obama's experience is filled with red flags indicating economic
illiteracy, which is bad enough. the fact that his advisor believes
this sort of nonsense and explains it with a piss-poor analogy is
fucking scary.
then, add the fact that larry summers has huge sway and you've sure
got a disaster dream team.
Looks like the green jolly elf wants to spread the 2009 economic cheer...or schmear?!
The Economy has begun to recover. This is just the kind of blind
nonsense that gives people like Paul Krugman an audience. The crash
of 29 didn't bottom until 32. Bill Bonner, someone who was right
for over a decade, put it like this:
"Taking the period of the bubble years, in 2000 total debt in the
United States came to $26 trillion. Now, it's twice that amount -
$52 trillion, of which $38 trillion is private…or more than two
and-a-half times GDP. At this level, the private debt absorbs
roughly one out of every seven dollars in consumer earnings - in
interest and principal payments.
If the private sector undertook to reduce debt back to 2000 levels,
it would mean eliminating all the debt accumulated during the
bubble years - or about $19 trillion. How long will it take to pay
down, write off, inflate away and otherwise shuck $19 trillion?
Well, inflation is running below zero - so that is not now a source
of debt reduction. Between write-offs and pay-downs, about $2
trillion has already been cut - over, very roughly, the last 2
years. At least the math is easy. At that rate, it will take 19
years.
Now, let's go back and look at the Japanese. How long have they
been deleveraging? Gosh all mighty…19 years. From 1990 to
2009."
Keep living Keynesian wet dream: "A penny spent is a penny
earned."
"My girlfriend was listening to NPR this morning, and some
nit-wit actually said that Romer and Bernanke are 'students of
history', and so are obviously qualified to make these important
statements/decisions on the economy. My gf got a laugh when I began
ranting as to how they are obviously not 'students of history' if
they think that all this meddling is good for the overall health of
the country."
What's really funny is the thought that you might possibly think
that you contributed anything even remotely intelligent to the
discussion with that post.
"Warty | August 12, 2009, 11:17am | #
Shut the fuck up, Tony.
Sean W. Malone | August 12, 2009, 11:18am | #
Tony... You are retarded."
Wow! Is this kind of mental-midgetry common around here?
I admit that the original article writer had some good points, and
the idea that it is due to the stimulus that things have stopped
declining so quickly is silly (there are many factors, some which
are much more important - the White House adviser makes an easy
target). But it seems like the majority you commenters on this
board are incapable of thinking, much less thinking for
themselves.
Libertarianism has a lot of good points: government tends to be
inefficient, free-markets tend to be efficient, government tends to
screw things up. However, Libertarians suffer from a lack of common
sens and an over abundance of IDEALISM. It isn't just government
that screws things up - it's people in general. Things aren't
perfect. You guys all need a heavy dose of pragmatism.
Dan H. | August 12, 2009, 6:28pm | #
I think a good case can be made that the stimulus DID hurt the
economy at first, and this could have accounted for the
worse-than-forecast results in the first half of the year.
"The stimulus could have had an initial negative effect for the
following reasons:
1. When it was first announced, it created a lot of uncertainty for
businesses, which caused them to wait on major investments until
they understood the impact."
LOL!! You obviously aren't a business man. Or at least not a good
business man.
"John | August 12, 2009, 9:37am | #
NO DJF. The money will never run out. We will just keep taxing and
borrowing and spending and then printing money forever. There is no
reason to have a private sector. The government can do everything
and pay for it all by taxing the evil rich. Don't you get
it?"
Yes, the slippery slope argument. It NEVER gets old. Obviously
everyone (including Obama) agrees that there needs to be some
moderation and that the silly straw-man argument you pose is not a
workable solution. Yes, let's all go read Atlas Shrugged, because
obviously it is the infallible holy bible, full of no holes.
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