Matt Welch | September 29, 2008
If that's what it took to rile up the House Republicans enough to remember their free-market roots, then more like this, Madame Speaker!
I'll actually second Pelosi's motion about the Bush administration's deficits and "fiscal irresponsibility," and I share her concerns about giving the secretary of the treasury "czar-like powers," but I am nothing but sincere when I ask–what is this "anything-goes economic policy" she and her ilk constantly refer to? How does the accusation of "no regulation, no supervision, no discipline" square with, I dunno, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which (besides providing full employment to accountants, and helping to strong-arm the media) contributed directly to the current crisis through its "mark to market" accounting rules?
As in John McCain's bizarre call to fire Security and Exchange Commission Chair Christopher Cox, what–specifically–were the regulations that weren't being enforced? Every day, every hour, you keep hearing this stuff: The Party is Over, no more unfettered capitalism, time for regulation, etc., but where's the supporting evidence that A) this is actually true, and B) X regulation, when being allegedly unenforced, caused Y to happen? Consider this an open invitation in the comments.
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It doesn't exist.
The "Deregulation caused this!" meme is the left's equivalent of
"The Community Reinvestment Act caused this!" It's only possible to
believe it if you don't really probe very far into the underlying
facts.
CDO's and swaps are totally unregulated, I think.
Also, didn't Christopher Cox raise the limit on leverage and drop
the capital requirements for the big five investment banks? I don't
know if that contributed to the crash or not, but it doesn't look
good in hindsight.
So what you're saying is that the deregulation of the financial
market that's taken place over the past decade or so wasn't "real
deregulation" leading to a genuine free market.
Fine. That's a fine position to take.
I hope you remember it the next time there's another wave of
deregulation, and it sponsors are breathlessly noting that it will
shrink th federal code.
what is this "anything-goes economic policy" she and her ilk
constantly refer to?
I'll just link to
something I once said.
So what you're saying is that the deregulation of the
financial market that's taken place over the past decade or so
wasn't "real deregulation" leading to a genuine free
market.
No, what I'm saying is, how SPECIFICALLY did the removal of the
Chinese Wall between investment banks and commercial banks
precipitate this crisis, what SPECIFIC existing regulations wen't
enforced & also precipitated the problem, and how does the
creation of Sarbanes-Oxley fit into your
deregulation-over-the-past-decade narrative?
What dregulation? What free market? Oh, the one where if you
create exotic debt instruments and then don't know how much they're
worth the government bails you out? Oh that free
market.
What does the SEC do, joe? Here's a very short list of, you know,
regulations.
But you guys who keep believing we're living in this unfettered
free market, you just keep doing that. Keep listening to radio like
Counterspin
(operative word: counter, notice the lack of absence of the word
'spin') where they keep complaining about how Bush is trying to
"gut government" and shrink it out of existence. You keep on
believing that.
Just because they remove six or eight rules, but keep 15,000 does
not a deregulated market make. But now we know this will get fixed
in the next round of re-regulation. And this will never happen
again.
The dems are the ones for years that have claimed freddy and fanny didn't need regulation and praised the affordable housing boom. This is what caused the mess we're in, not Bush policies.
Deregulation? Um, I spent years dealing with all of those financial deregulations, and they sure seemed more burdensome over time to me. The only deregulation that anyone could possibly point to is GLB, and it most assuredly didn't create this mess. Most of the opportunities for financial "modernization" weren't taken advantage of, anyway.
Just because they remove six or eight rules, but keep 15,000
does not a deregulated market make.
My point exactly, Paul. Once again, "I hope you remember it the
next time there's another wave of deregulation, and it sponsors are
breathlessly noting that it will shrink th federal code."
Matt Welch,
SPECIFICALLY, in this case, it's mainly a problem of the dog that
didn't bark. As more economic activity moved into exotic financial
arrangements (BDBs, debt swaps) that weren't regulated, the
government failed to keep up. Regulation in this sphere is more
like collecting the trash than building a bridge. You can finish a
bridge, but there will always be more trash to pick up.
Unfortunately, in November of 1999, Senator Phil Gramm (R-Texas)
and Representative James Leach (R-Iowa) finally got Clinton, after
a majority vote of Congress against the act, to get rid of it. And
free-market Phil, unlike Punxsutawney Phil, became an unlikely
predictor of the financial storms this would bring.
As Wikipedia reports, "The banking industry had been seeking the
repeal of Glass-Steagall since at least the 1980s. In 1987, the
Congressional Research Service prepared a report which explored the
case for preserving Glass-Steagall and the case against preserving
the act.
"The repeal enabled commercial lenders such as Citigroup, the
largest U.S. bank, to underwrite and trade instruments such as
mortgage-backed securities and collateralized debt obligations and
establish so-called structured investment vehicles, or SIVs, that
bought those securities. Citigroup played a major part in the
repeal. Then called Citicorp, the company merged with Travelers
Insurance Company the year before using loopholes in Glass-Steagall
that allowed for temporary exemptions. With lobbying led by Roger
Levy, the 'finance, insurance and real estate industries together
are regularly the largest campaign contributors and biggest
spenders on lobbying of all business sectors [in 1999]. They laid
out more than $200 million for lobbying in 1998, according to the
Center for Responsive Politics' . . . These industries succeeded in
their two decades long effort to repeal the act."
This opened the doorway to the financial disaster we have been
living. In fact, in the last 20 years, we have the savings and loan
disaster, thanks to pumping and dumping junk bonds into the 1989
market, which created Black Tuesday; then add to that the dot.com
bubble, pumping up the value of literally unknown dot.com companies
to inflate the economy with a false prosperity. This was just like
the spread of collateralized (junk) debt paper, much of it from
predatory lending, to grease the housing bubble into oblivion and
cause a nearly world economic collapse due to the loss of
liquidity.
THE URKOBOLD HAS A QUESTION. DOES PELOSI HAVE A GIANT RACK? IF SO, HAS SHE HYPNOTIZED CONGRESS WITH IT?
I never realized how much Pilosi sounds like Billy
Quizboy.
"I heard from a reliable source that she has a surgically-implanted
baboon's uterus."
I'm no fan of Bush - but Pelosi's got a lot of nerve making a
partisan speech like this one while announcing a bipartisan
bill.
FACT: Republicans tried multiple times to regulate the GSEs - and
Democrats stopped them every time.
Check out these youtube videos:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RYz1rbB5V1s&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_MGT_cSi7Rs
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3QBRIsCkGQ0&feature=related
To all you regulation happy folks out there-
I'd still like to see an answer to Matt's question. How did the
supposed lack of regulation lead us to where we are today. And
while you're at it, what regulation was so painfully obviously
missing?
Swaps aren't new. They were used heavily back in the 90s, well
before GLB. By banks. They're used to hedge against changes in
interest rates.
It's crazy talk to blame GLB. Like I said earlier, a lot of the
possible liberalization presented by GLB wasn't taken advantage of
by banks. Even banks that jumped into the holding company
excitement turned away some time ago--Citigroup got rid of
Travelers, for instance.
How exactly would requiring banks to have a bit more money upfront when they are purchasing bundles of mortgages, etc. be an infringement of the free market? To put it another way how is buying with imaginary monies part and parcel of the free market? Regulating banks is like regulating prostitution and drugs: it is what governments do. Or are you suggesting we move to the ideal world of Ron Paul and the anarchists in the streets? (Just give me a few weeks to build the moat.)
FACT: Republicans tried multiple times to regulate the GSEs
- and Democrats stopped them every time.
FACT: the GSEs are bit players in the MBSs market.
FACT: none of the regulations proposed for the GSEs were targatted
at the activities, like speculating on MBSs, what brought about
this crisis. In fact, the 2005 bill McCain signed onto would have
increased Fannie Mae's MBS holdings.
Swaps aren't new. They were used heavily back in the 90s,
well before GLB.
Sure, but the skyrocketing increase in credit default insurance
swaps - current outsanding value is in the neighborhood of $45
trillion - indicates that there was a sea change in financial
practice.
Two specific instances of deregulation exacerbating
problem:
Exempting the big five investment banks from capital requirements
resulting in leverage of 30-40 to 1.
Lax enforcement of short sale rules at SEC about required delivery
of borrowed shares.
It has occurred to a few commentators that repeal of the
Depression-era Glass-Steagall Act may be partly to blame for the
banking and real estate morass we find ourselves in today.
Glass-Steagall, you may or may not recall, effectively locked
commercial banks and investment banks out of each others'
businesses. It was felt at the time the law passed, that the Great
Crash was exacerbated because commercial banks had been allowed to
underwrite securities and had therefore exposed depositors to stock
market risk.....(to the extent that their deposits disappear if the
bank saw heavy losses from its exposure to the stock market).
Repealing the act, shortly after Citicorp and Travelers announced
their merger in the late 90s, allowed investment banks and
commercial banks to combine their businesses. Citigroup can at once
take depositors' money while at the same time exposing its balance
sheet to immense risks through vehicles like SIVs. The idea that
commercial banks should principally be concerned with protecting
depositors' capital seemed quaint in the late 90s I guess.
Here is a fascinating passage from a Frontline report published in
2003 regarding the repeal of Glass-Stegall [Though not repealed
until 1999, various provisions of the act were "reinterpreted" or
otherwise overridden in the 20 years leading up to its full
repeal]:
In the spring of 1987, the Federal Reserve Board votes 3-2 in favor
of easing regulations under Glass-Steagall Act, overriding the
opposition of Chairman Paul Volcker. The vote comes after the Fed
Board hears proposals from Citicorp, J.P. Morgan and Bankers Trust
advocating the loosening of Glass-Steagall restrictions to allow
banks to handle several underwriting businesses, including
commercial paper, municipal revenue bonds, and mortgage-backed
securities. Thomas Theobald, then vice chairman of Citicorp, argues
that three "outside checks" on corporate misbehavior had emerged
since 1933: "a very effective" SEC; knowledgeable investors, and
"very sophisticated" rating agencies.
Volcker is unconvinced, and expresses his fear that lenders will
recklessly lower loan standards in pursuit of lucrative securities
offerings and market bad loans to the public. For many critics, it
boiled down to the issue of two different cultures - a culture of
risk which was the securities business, and a culture of protection
of deposits which was the culture of banking.
Hah! Boy was Volcker right. And isn't it hilarious (tragic?) that
the government was duped into believing that the SEC,
"knowledgeable" investors and "sophisticated" rating agencies could
protect the banking system from repeating the mistakes of
1929?
It's ironic that we're likely to see new regulations restricting
rating agencies from receiving payments directly from banks
underwriting bonds.
I should note that I'm not arguing Glass-Steagall would necessarily
have prevented the current credit crisis, or that bringing it back
would solve our problems. Plenty of commercial banks that have no
investment banking operations are in deep trouble.
Republican politics since Reagan has been based on a cult like system of beliefs--tax cuts, deregulation, anti-liberalism, pro-choice, etc--that required a kind of zealotry akin to evangelical indoctrination. What we see in the Republican's visceral reaction to Pelosi's indictment of the conservative canon is the fear of members whose rationalism would be seen as apostasy among the zealot followers who placed them in power. They fear political burning as heretics from followers pledged not to analysis and conclusion but self righteous imperative and proselytizing the conservative ideology like a religion. Such is the fate of our nation to be led astray in the name of failed ideology and its adherents.
Pelosi's speech is a disgrace. All of her partisan posturing wreaks of a pathetic attempt to make a "statement." She is an ego-maniac. No spirit of a true patriot.
joe,
Actually, it's entirely wrong to say that GSEs were bit players in
the MBS market. For a shorter explanation than I'm likely to give,
here's the SEC on the
topic. We could have deregulated all day and avoided this
without the GSEs' contributions.
I'm not picking on you here; I just have had a bad feeling about
the implicit guarantee behind the GSEs since 2003 or so. Only I had
no idea how much damage that reliance would cause. Which is why I
own 100 shares of Nothing Mutual today. The MBSs alone aren't the
problem; the insane amount of leverage on those questionable
securities is. The ratings on those securities were also entirely
and incredibly wrong.
I think the government set up this nasty situation, but there's no
doubt that an all-too wiling lending/trading community and general
public made this the financial mess that it is today.
Can we all admit that BOTH Republicans and Democrats failed and
the fact that when politics have NO place in the policy that MUST
be enacted, they were front and center? Nancy has been in
Washington, what has she done to stop this over the past 8
years...it is EVERYONE'S fault...including you and I who vote for
these people!
I don't care if you pick Obama or McCain...but CHANGE MUST
OCCUR!
Pelosi's speech was fine. Republicans are embarrassed because a few too many of them prioritized reelection over country. Blaming Pelosi is what they always resort to whenever things don't go right. But I really don't see how it's a political winner to admit that they would have supported an emergency measure to save the country if their wittle feelings just hadn't been bruised.
Incidentally, the role of the GSEs and the government in this
requires bipartisan blame. Neither party did one thing to mitigate
the damage, and there's reason to believe that both knew that at
least some sort of crisis was on the horizon a number of years
ago.
Mental wounds not healing,
Drivin' me insane.
I'm going off the rails on a crazy train.
I'm under the impression that a big part of our financial troubles is the monetary policy that the Fed has pursued for many years, keeping the Fed rate low, increasing the money supply and driving down the value of the dollar. I'm not sure how exactly that could cause our problems, but it makes sense to me that the policy could have exacerbated the real-estate bubble.
The problem with Nancy Pelosi is that she is a critic, not a leader. Her speech should have brought everyone together to do the right thing. But that isn't her instinct at all. Her instinct is to play the partisan political game even at times like this. She should not be in a leadership position.
FACT: the GSEs are bit players in the MBSs
market.
Sorry, this fact ain't true.
It was the case that they were bit players in the *subprime* MBS
market. But they *are* (or were) the overall mainstream MBS market.
They got burned by getting too much into Alt-A. (among other
factors)
FACT: none of the regulations proposed for the GSEs were
targatted at the activities, like speculating on MBSs, what brought
about this crisis. In fact, the 2005 bill McCain signed onto would
have increased Fannie Mae's MBS holdings
This is correct (cept speling of corse :)
Wow you economist historians are a bunch of idiots. What caused
this was a 300% jump in gas prices since 1999. The 300% jump in
insurance prices (auto-home-health) since 1999. And the resultant
inflation that occurred because of that.
Because of these three factors the people at the bottom (such as
myself) found themselves with less and less capital to purchase.
Many found themselves unable to pay their bills. No one bought a
house thinking that they weren't going to make the payments. Most
folks who are in foreclosure now...bought a house they could afford
until the oil companies, insurance companies, and retailers like
Wal-Mart ate every penny of capital they had. This crap didn't
happen in a vacuum.
Until the issues of the above paragraph are met then they'll be no
resolution to this financial crisis we are in.
Can someone with more knowledge of parliamentary procedures than
me answer a serious question?
I don't watch much C-Span, but Barney yielded Pelosi one minute,
the chair recognized her for one minute, and that speech was way
longer than one minute. How does that work?
So what you're saying is that the deregulation of the
financial market that's taken place over the past decade or so
wasn't "real deregulation" leading to a genuine free
market.
WHAT DEREGULATION? Who are you trying to kid?
I hope you remember it the next time there's another wave of
deregulation[sic], and it sponsors are breathlessly noting that it
will shrink the federal code.
Yeah, another round of "deregulation" like that, Joe, would finally
cripple the country. If what companies experienced this last decade
is an example of "deregulation", it creeps me out to think what a
wave of regulation would look like.
This is the situation you liberal morons
The Real Culprits In This Meltdown
By INVESTOR'S BUSINESS DAILY | Posted Monday, September 15,
2008
Big Government: Barack Obama and Democrats blame the historic
financial turmoil on the market. But if it's dysfunctional,
Democrats during the Clinton years are a prime reason for it.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Read More: Business & Regulation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Obama in a statement yesterday blamed the shocking new round of
subprime-related bankruptcies on the free-market system, and
specifically the "trickle-down" economics of the Bush
administration, which he tried to gig opponent John McCain for
wanting to extend.
But it was the Clinton administration, obsessed with
multiculturalism, that dictated where mortgage lenders could lend,
and originally helped create the market for the high-risk subprime
loans now infecting like a retrovirus the balance sheets of many of
Wall Street's most revered institutions.
Tough new regulations forced lenders into high-risk areas where
they had no choice but to lower lending standards to make the loans
that sound business practices had previously guarded against
making. It was either that or face stiff government
penalties.
The untold story in this whole national crisis is that President
Clinton put on steroids the Community Reinvestment Act*, a
well-intended Carter-era law designed to encourage minority
homeownership. And in so doing, he helped create the market for the
risky subprime loans that he and Democrats now decry as not only
greedy but "predatory."
Yes, the market was fueled by greed and overleveraging in the
secondary market for subprimes, vis-a-vis mortgaged-backed
securities traded on Wall Street. But the seed was planted in the
'90s by Clinton and his social engineers. They were the political
catalyst behind this slow-motion financial train wreck.
And it was the Clinton administration that mismanaged the
quasi-governmental agencies that over the decades have come to
manage the real estate market in America.
As soon as Clinton crony Franklin Delano Raines took the helm in
1999 at Fannie Mae, for example, he used it as his personal piggy
bank, looting it for a total of almost $100 million in compensation
by the time he left in early 2005 under an ethical cloud.
Other Clinton cronies, including Janet Reno aide Jamie Gorelick,
padded their pockets to the tune of another $75 million.
Raines was accused of overstating earnings and shifting losses so
he and other senior executives could earn big bonuses.
In the end, Fannie had to pay a record $400 million civil fine for
SEC and other violations, while also agreeing as part of a
settlement to make changes in its accounting procedures and ways of
managing risk.
But it was too little, too late. Raines had reportedly steered
Fannie Mae business to subprime giant Countrywide Financial, which
was saved from bankruptcy by Bank of America.
At the same time, the Clinton administration was pushing Fannie and
her brother Freddie Mac to buy more mortgages from low-income
households.
The Clinton-era corruption, combined with unprecedented catering to
affordable-housing lobbyists, resulted in today's nationalization
of both Fannie and Freddie, a move that is expected to cost
taxpayers tens of billions of dollars.
And the worst is far from over. By the time it is, we'll all be
paying for Clinton's social experiment, one that Obama hopes to
trump with a whole new round of meddling in the housing and jobs
markets. In fact, the social experiment Obama has planned could
dwarf both the Great Society and New Deal in size and scope.
There's a political root cause to this mess that we ignore at our
peril. If we blame the wrong culprits, we'll learn the wrong
lessons. And taxpayers will be on the hook for even larger bailouts
down the road.
But the government-can-do-no-wrong crowd just doesn't get it. They
won't acknowledge the law of unintended consequences from
well-meaning, if misguided, acts.
Obama and Democrats on the Hill think even more regulation and more
interference in the market will solve the problem their policies
helped cause. For now, unarmed by the historic record, conventional
wisdom is buying into their blame-business-first rhetoric and
bigger-government solutions.
While government arguably has a role in helping low-income folks
buy a home, Clinton went overboard by strong-arming lenders with
tougher and tougher regulations, which only led to lenders taking
on hundreds of billions in subprime bilge.
Market failure? Hardly. Once again, this crisis has government's
fingerprints all over it.
*In the original version of this editorial, the Community
Reinvestment Act was mistakenly listed as the "Community
Redevelopment Act".
Long live the free market economy!!!
Who is Pelosi to talk about 'fiscal irresponsibility' anyway?
This November, let's start with Pelosi, and vote for the challenger
in each and every case, on both sides of the aisle.
Unless of course McCain suspends the Elections, and wants Bush to
remain in the White House until the bail money is found...
I can not stand you democrats,liberal media jerks. Especially that idiot Keith Olbermann, I wonder if he has the courage to tell a Marine to his face that he is a cold blooded killer. All of you disrepectful same sex marriage, pot smoking, tree hugging wimps go and get a job and help make this country greater than ever was before.
Paul:
Outstanding explanation. Kinda explains why the Demos are not
screaming for hearings to pin the blame. They don't want the truth
known.
who is she kidding? she is a self deluded idiot and barney,chris dodd. they and their cronies new back in 2005 what was going on and ignored it because they and friends were profitting from it. will anyone in the news media really look into it other than a few on talk radio?
Paul, you've lost it. Marines are supposed to be cold blooded killers. That's what we pay them for. Jesus liked men. God made pot for the people to use. Tree huggers aren't qualified for any jobs I'm aware of. And this country can't get any greater than it was when Leave it to Beaver was on the air.
Right, the GSEs are a bit player in the sub-prime MBS market -
which is the one that cratered and set this all off.
LoL, the CRA horseshit again! How many times has this been refuted
now?
Damn, how many McCain points is it worth to write "Nancy Pelosi"
and "partisan speech" in the same comment thread?
Good work, fellas. Not to absurdly obvious at all.
Hi Paul,
I am your conscience. I'm really worried that you forgot to take
your medication today. You know the medication that you receive
from the well-funded VA hospital ever since you got back from
freedom fighting in Iraq. Nice job by the way. Thank you for
keeping "America" "safe".
Anyway, your lapse is temporary and as long as you keep taking the
blue pill you'll be able to pretend that nothing is wrong, and that
the country doesn't need democratic parties, doesn't need liberal
thought, that "Marines" are in-fact warm-blooded and don't kill
anyone, that everyone is happily married to the opposite sex and
that conservative christian beliefs truly work for everyone, that
pot smoking is more dangerous than cocaine use by Presidents, that
trees don't need hugging because it's been scientifically proven
that they do not provide food, oxygen, shelter and medicine, and
that there is a healthy economy that provides jobs for ever
American, that none of those jobs have been moved overseas, and
that this country is already greater than it ever was before,
whenever that was, regardless.
Paul? Paul? Are you there? Good. Just close your eyes, put the pill
in your mouth and swallow. Good. Good job Paul. Now bend
over...
joe,
Again, I must disagree. The GSEs' meddling was far worse than you
imagine, and they most assuredly did
play footsies with the subprime industry.
McCain did eff up on this one, though he'll probably get away with
it. I'm not sure Obama's masterful yielding during this crisis will
impress voters, either, but they'll probably forget that, too.
Anyone who believes this BS should look into utube videos of Nancy Pelosi. She and a host of other democrats are berating regulators that were investigating and warning about Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in 2004. Republican or Democrat we should throw all these bums out.
Fransico Torres,
You (ever so helpfully, in ALL CAPS) write WHAT DEREGULATION?
I count at least for posts before yours from people answering
exactly that question.
The whole "nobody can answer my question" shtick doesn't work when
the answers are right there, on the screen, where everybody can
read them.
Agree with them, disagree, dispute the, whatever, but you just look
stupid pretending not to see them.
Pro Lib,
According to your own link, Freddie and Fannie together accounted
for 18% of all such securities purchased in 2007. Leaving 82% to
the private sector. That sounds an awful lot like "bit player" to
me.
Can someone with more knowledge of parliamentary procedures
than me answer a serious question?
I don't watch much C-Span, but Barney yielded Pelosi one minute,
the chair recognized her for one minute, and that speech was way
longer than one minute. How does that work?
Spitballing here, but like most rules, they only matter when
enforced.
The speaker pro temp (whoever's sitting on the high chair front and
center) is iirc in charge of enforcing the rules. And he or she is
probably going to cut some slack to a (the?)senior person of their
party.
According to your own link, Freddie and Fannie together
accounted for 18% of all such securities purchased in 2007. Leaving
82% to the private sector. That sounds an awful lot like "bit
player" to me.
I'm sorry, though I'm carrying water for the CRA side, you can't
say that any enitity in any market with 1/5 of the market share is
a bit player. Normally someone that big is a market maker.
I just got the chance to watch the speech and... what was she
trying to accomplish, again?
While there's much I disagree with, there's a lot that's right on
and passionately expressed. The problem is, were I from, say, New
Zealand and knew nothing of the politics and personalities
involved, I would have expected her to end with, "and that, Mr.
Speaker, is why I cannot, and could not ever, support this
bill."
In that I believe she wanted the opposite, that seems like a
strange way to go.
That said, God bless her and God bless the House for the ignoble
end the bill was brought to. I don't think of felt this way since
the first time I saw the Death Star blown up.
Blink,
Five different comments answering Matt's question were posted by
4:10 yesterday.
Did you read the thread?
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