Recessionary Politics

Why is democracy in retreat around the world?

Steve Chapman | December 29, 2008

Once upon a time, Americans had the idea that stock markets traveled on an escalator that went only one direction: up. Once upon a time, Americans also assumed that the rise of democracy and freedom was the world's unstoppable destiny. The best thing you could say for the state of human rights in 2008 is that they didn't sink as far as the world economy.

When Beijing was awarded this year's Summer Olympics, some of us imagined that the quadrennial pageant would induce China to liberalize. You might as well hope that Michael Phelps would give up swimming to become a shot putter. Among the government's actions leading up to the games, charged Human Rights Watch, were "massive forced evictions, a surge in the arrest, detention and harassment of critics, repeated violations of media freedom and increased political repression."

China won the battle for gold, capturing 51 first-place medals. It earned a less cherished honor when human rights activist Hu Jia, sentenced in April to 3 1/2 years for "incitment to subvert state power," was awarded the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought by the European Parliament.

The Soviet Union, which made Andrei Sakharov famous as a political dissident, is no more, but Vladimir Putin keeps it alive in spirit. As required by the constitution, he stepped down as president at the end of his second term, but without ceding a sliver of power. Putin not only installed a protege as president, but became prime minister, an office that suddenly exhibited a power and importance that had gone unnoticed.

The former Soviet republic of Georgia had a presidential election of its own—"the first election where no one was 100 percent sure whether they were going to win or not," as one Georgian analyst marveled. The winner, Mikheil Saakashvili, should have had no such uncertainty about the outcome of the August war with Russia that he rashly helped to provoke.

Pakistan's president, Gen. Pervez Musharraf, also had no cause for surprise when his party was trounced in elections held less than two months after the assassination of opposition leader Benazir Bhutto. Facing impeachment, the longtime military ruler resigned in August.

In Afghanistan, a student convicted of blasphemy had his death sentence overturned, only to get 20 years in prison for circulating an article about the treatment of women under Islam. Mike McConnell, U.S. director of national intelligence, said Afghan President Hamid Karzai's government controls less than a third of its territory.

Thai protesters shut down the Bangkok airport for a week, leaving only when a court outlawed the ruling party and banned the current prime minister from politics. Shortly after, the opposition Democrat Party won parliamentary elections.

A German think tank reported that military coups are going out of style: The number of attempts now averages about five a year, down from double digits in the 1980s. Army officers in the West African nation of Guinea dared to be unfashionable, seizing the government upon the death of President Lansana Conte, who had come to power in 1984 via ... oh, you can guess.

In Zimbabwe, perennial strongman Robert Mugabe had to accept what he called the "humiliation" of agreeing to share power after losing at the polls amid famine and hyperinflation. But he refused to step down, proclaiming, "Zimbabwe is mine." Zimbabweans can only envy Ghana, democratic since 1992, which is preparing for the second consecutive peaceful transfer of power from one elected president to another.

The ailing Fidel Castro, 82, resigned as president of Cuba after nearly half a century, but his communist regime showed no inclination to follow him. His disciple, Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez, has indicated he would like to stay in office until 2050, when he will be 96. He lost a constitutional referendum last year that would have let him served beyond 2012, but he is not easily discouraged: Already he is pushing for another vote.

Chavez is one of many rulers of oil-producing nations who are watching their chief export plunge in value and hoping fervently for a strong rebound. He will gain no consolation from reflecting that human rights are also subject not only to busts but, if memory serves, to booms.

COPYRIGHT 2008 CREATORS SYNDICATE, INC.

Comments

|12.29.08 @ 9:04AM|#

Wow, I think you may have just hit the nail right on the head! Well done.

John Jones
www.privacy-center.ru.tc

ed|12.29.08 @ 9:05AM|#

Americans once assumed that the rise of democracy and freedom
was the world's unstoppable destiny

We did? This American has known for some time that democracy and freedom are aberrations in world history, almost accidents, always an assassination or a market crash away from disappearing for generations. When a learned historian wrote that America was almost a miracle, a nation "snatched from the jaws of history," he wasn't kidding.

sage|12.29.08 @ 11:26AM|#

I didn't know, from the pic, that Putin and Clinton were so close.

Lefiti|12.29.08 @ 12:55PM|#

Imagine the state of democracy if you market fundamentalists took over and plutocrats ruled. Thankfully, you're an incompetent bunch who couldn't grab your asses with both hands if your lives depended on it. You are great at cherry picking evidence, though.

BakedPenguin|12.29.08 @ 2:29PM|#

And anonymity troll guy has an URL that looks like it's based in Russia. Maybe if we forwarded it to the KGB, or whatever they're called these days, he'd go away.

While we're at it, let's forward them Lefiti's address too. He's sure to appreciate their non-market fundamentalism.

EJM|12.29.08 @ 2:37PM|#

And anonymity troll guy has an URL that looks like it's based in Russia.

FWIW, it's actually a .tc URL--meaning that it's registered out of the Turks and Caicos Islands.

|12.29.08 @ 3:28PM|#

The caption for this article led me to believe it was going to be a more in depth and thoughtful look into the state of democracy around the world, rather than just a handful of negative examples. I'm also surprised that he didn't bring up examples from right here in the good old USA, such as how we all just sat there and watched in dismay our government threw billions of our tax dollars at the financial crisis, then went on to use it for reasons that weren't in the original legislation. And we just took it. Finally, it would have been interesting to bring up a point that Thomas Freidman and several others have made, which is a possible correlation between high oil prices and the weakening of democracy in nations with significant oil reserves where strong democratic institutions are not already deeply inbedded in the culture (Venezuela, Russia, Persian Gulf countries, etc.)

Justin|12.29.08 @ 8:21PM|#

Man, I really dislike Steve Chapman.

|1.4.09 @ 7:32PM|#

Americans once assumed that the rise of democracy and freedom was the world's unstoppable destiny.

what a CHEAP set of nonsensical slogan manufactured , as usual by an equally moronic "free media" that chooses somehow to NEVER look inward to see the DISASTER that it really is but yet again never misses a beat to be the judge, jury, and the executioner of the world's morality police. what a complete and utter idiocy.